cq;fspd; GjpUf;F tujhpd; tpil

cq;fspd; Gjph;;:

,yq;ifapd; murpay; ahg;gpd; 13tJ jpUj;jr; rl;lk; khfhz rigf;fhd mjpfhuq;fis mspg;gjpy; jpUg;jpaw;w xd;W vd;W 20 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dNu ,yq;if muRld; murpay; hPjpapy; Nghuhb me;j 13tJ jpUj;jj;Jf;F khw;whf gj;njhd;gJ mk;rf; Nfhhpf;iffis ,e;jpa ,yq;if rkhjhd xg;ge;jj;jpd; xU nghWg;ghspahd ,e;jpa muRf;Fk; md;iwa jkpof Kjyikr;rh; fUzhepjpf;Fk; Kd;itj;jPh;;;fs;. mj;Jld; khfhzrigapd; cj;jpNahf G+h;tkhd jPh;khdkhf ,yq;if muRf;Fk; Kd; itj;jPh;fs;. Mdhy;. ,g;NghJ mNj 13 tJ murpay; ahg;G jpUj;jj;jpd; %yk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhug; gutyhf;fiy epiwNtw;wpdhy; jkpo;kf;fspd; ePz;lfhy murpay; mgpyhi\fisj; jpUg;jpg;gLj;jf; $ba epiyik Vw;gLk; vd;W jkpoh;fspy; xU gFjpapduhNyNa $wg;gLfpwNj! ,itfs; gw;wp cq;fspd; mgpg;gpuhak; vd;d? ,t;thwhd Nghf;Ffs; njhlh;ghd cq;fs; tpsf;fk; vd;d?

vdJ tpil:

md;ghh;e;j ez;gh;fNs! Mw;wy; kpF Njhoh;fNs!

13tJ jpUj;jk; vd;why;vd;d?

1978k; Mz;L N[ Mh;. n[ath;j;jdh murhq;fk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwNtw;wpa murpay; ahg;Ng ,yq;ifapy; ,g;NghJk; eilKiwapy; mjpfhu G+h;tkhf ,Uf;Fk; murpay;ahg;ghFk;. mJ gy jpUj;jq;fis gpd;dh; epiwNtw;wpaJ. 1987k; Mz;L Vw;gl;l ,e;jpa - ,yq;if rkhjhd cld;ghl;ilj; njhlh;e;J 13tJ jlitahf murpay;ahg;G jpUj;jk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. mjd; %yNk ,yq;ifapy; khfhz rigfs; vd;Dk; mikg;Gfs; cUthf;fg;gl;ld. mjd; gpufhuNk khfhz rigfSf;fhd mjpfhug;gutyhf;fy; vd;ndd;d tplaq;fspy; ve;nje;j mstpy; ,Uf;Fk; vd;git Nghd;w tplaq;fSk; murpay; ahg;G hPjpapy; rl;lG+h;tkhf Mf;fg;gl;ld.

,UgJ Mz;Lfs; fle;Jtpl;ld.

,e;j khfhz rig mikg;Gf;fs; ,yq;iff;F Gjpdkhditay;y njd;dpyq;ifapy; fle;j ,UgJ tUlq;fSf;F Nkyhf mit jq;;F jilaw;W rpq;;fsth;fis kpfTk; ngUk;ghd;ikahff; nfhz;l khfhzq;fspy; - khepyq;fspy; nraw;gl;L tUfpd;wd vd;gJ midtUf;Fk; njhpe;;j xd;Nw. tlf;F - fpof;F khfhzq;fis ,izj;j khfhz rigahdJ gjpdhW khjq;fs; kl;LNk nraw;gl Kbe;jJ. 2007k; Mz;L tlf;F-fpof;F khfhzq;fspd; khfhz rig eph;thfk; ,uz;lhfg; gphpf;fg;gl;lJ. fle;j gjpide;J khjq;fshf fpof;Fkhfhzj;jpy; khfhz rig nraw;gl;L tUfpd;wJ.

murpaw; jPh;T Fwpj;J 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij ikakhff; nfhz;L gy Fuy;fs;

Gypfspd; mopitj; njhlh;e;J murpaw; jPh;T njhlh;ghd tplaq;fs; mz;ikf;fhykhf Kd;dzpf;F te;Js;sd.

• rpyh; 13tJ jpUj;jk; KOikahf mKy; nra;ag;gl;lhNy NghJk; vd;fpd;wdh;.

• rpyh; 13tJ jpUj;jk; NghjhJ mijtplf; $Ljyhfj; jug;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;fpd;wdh;.

• N[tpgp  kw;Wk; n`y cUkaf; fl;rp Nghd;wit khfhzq;fSf;F nghyp]; mjpfhuNkh epy mjpfhuNkh epjp mjpfhuNkh toq;fg;glf; $lhJ vd epw;fpd;wd.

• k`pe;j murhq;fj;jpd; mq;fkhf ,Uf;Fk; jkpo;g; gpujpepjpfs; rpyh; khfhzq;fSf;F nghyp]; mjpfhuKk; Njitapy;iy epy mjpfhuKk; Njitapy;iy epjp mjpfhuKk; Njitapy;iy ,g;NghJs;s eilKiwNa jpUg;jpfukhf cs;sJ vd;fpd;wdh;

• rpyh; 13tJ jpUj;jNk $lhJ. mJ Kw;whf ePf;fg;gl;L Gjpa mjpfhug; gfph;T eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;fpd;wdh;.

• rpyh; xw;iwahl;rp Kiw ePf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;fpd;wdh;

• rpyh; ,e;jpa murpay; Kiw nfhz;L tug;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;fpd;wdh;.

• rpyh; mnkhpf;fh> fdlh kw;wk; mT];jpNuypah Nghd;w ehLfspy; filg;gpbf;fg;gLk; rk\;b mikg;G Kiwiaj; jtpu NtnwJTk; gpur;rpidiaj; jPh;f;f cjthJ vd;fpd;wdh;.

• midj;Jf;fl;rpfspd; gpujpepjpfs; FOTf;Fj; jiytuhd Nguhrphpah; jp];] tpjhuz mth;fs; 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij KOikahf epiwNtw;WtJ xU jw;fhypf Vw;ghNl> mJ gpur;rpidfSf;Fj; jPh;thfhJ> 13tJ jpUj;jj;Jf;F khw;whf xU murpaw; jPh;it jkJ FO cUthf;fp tUtjhfTk; 90 rjtPjkhd tplaq;fspy; midj;Jf; fl;rpfspd; cld;ghL vl;lg;gl;Ls;sjhfTk; fle;j ,uz;L tUlq;fSf;F Nkyhf $Wfpwhh;. Mdhy; vl;lg;gl;lit vit? vl;lg;glhjit vit? vd;gJ ,d;dKk; kh;kkhfNt cs;sJ.

• 2002k; Mz;L Nehh;Nt Ngr;Rthh;j;ijapd; NghJ rk\;b mikg;Gf;F xj;Jf; nfhz;l If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rp ,g;NghJ me;j epiyia khw;wp xw;iwahl;rpf;Fs;NsNa murpaw; jPh;T vd;fpwJ.

• re;jphpfhtpd; Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; xw;iwahl;rp Kiw ePf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;> mjpfgl;rkhd mjpfhuq;fs; tlf;F fpof;F khfhzq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W $wpa rpwP yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rp ,g;NghJ xw;iwahl;rp Kiwapy; cWjpahf ,Ug;gNjhL 13tJ jpUj;jj;Jf;F cl;gl;l mjpfhuq;fisahtJ toq;fj; jahuhf ,Uf;fpwjh vd;gNj Nfs;tpf; Fwpahf cs;sJ.

• Ml;rpf;F te;jTld; tlf;F-fpof;F khfhz rigf;F mjpfgl;r mjpfhuq;fis toq;fg; Nghtjhff; $wpa [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;\ mjw;fhd tiuGfisj; jahhpg;gjw;fhf murpay; ahg;G epGzh;fs; FOitAk; midj;Jf; fl;rp gpujpepjpfs; FoitAk; mikj;jhh;. ehl;Lf;Fs;NsNa cUthf;fg;gLk; xU jPh;itNa jhk; Kd;itf;fg; Nghtjhff; $wpdhh;. gpd;dh; Gypfis mbj;J Kbj;j gpd;dh;jhd; mjpfhug;gutyhf;fy; eilngWk; vd;whh;. ,g;NghJ mjpfhug; gfph;T gw;wpa Ngr;Nr mLj;j [dhjpgjpj; Njh;jYk; ehlhSkd;wj; Njh;jYk; ele;J Kbe;jjd; gpd;dh;jhd; ftdj;jpy; vLf;fg;gLk; vd;fpwhh;.  

• ,Jfhytiu GypfSf;F CJFoyhf ,Ue;J 13tJ jpUj;jk;> ,e;jpa murpyikg;G khjphp> re;jphpfh Kd;itj;j jPh;T> Nguhrphpah; jp];] tpjhuz Kd;itj;j jPh;T Mfpa vy;yhtw;iwAk; epuhfhpj;J jkpoPoj;ijj; jtpu NtnwJTk; jPh;thfhJ vd;W GypfSf;F [pQ;rh Nghl;L Koq;fp te;j rk;ge;jd;> Nrdhjpuh[h> RNu\;> milf;fyehjd; $l;lzpahd jkpo;j; Njrpaf; $l;likg;G ,g;NghJ xd;Wgl;l ,yq;iff;Fs; Xh; murpaw; jPh;itj; jhk; jahhpj;J tUtjhff; $Wfpwhh;fs;. murhq;fj;jpy; gpio gpbg;gij kl;LNk nfhz;l murpaiy elj;Jtjpy;jhd; ,th;fs; mf;fiwahf ,Ue;jhh;fs;. rpy thuq;fSf;F Kd;dh; ,yq;iff;F tp[ak; nra;j ,e;jpa murpd; gpujpepjpfs; fLikahf tw;GWj;jpajhYk; kw;nwhU gf;fk; k`pe;j uh[gf;\Tld; jkJ Raeyd;fs; njhlh;ghf xU ufrpa rkhjhd cld;ghl;il Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sTNk ,g;NghJ jhk; Xh; murpaw; jPh;Tg; ngl;lfj;ijj; jahhpg;gjpy; mf;fiw fhl;LtJ Nghy ele;J nfhs;fpwhh;fs;. gpd;dzp vd;dthapDk; mth;fs; Xh; murpaw; jPh;Tg; ngl;lfj;ij jahhpg;gjw;Fs; mth;fSf;Fs;NsNa Fj;J ntl;Lk; Fop gwpg;Gk; Muk;gpj;J tpLk;. mijnay;yhk; kPwp xd;iwj;jahhpj;J  ntspNatpl;lhy; mJ ey;yjhf ,Uf;FNkh ,y;iyNah! epr;rakhf mJ mth;fs; jq;fSf;Nf itf;Fk; Xh; Mg;ghfNt mikAk;. 

fle;j ,UgJ Mz;Lfhy mEgtk;

13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; fPo; mjpfhug;gutyhf;fy; vg;gb epiwNtw;wg;gLfpwJ vd;gij mwpe;J nfhs;s fle;j ,UgJ Mz;Lfhy mEgtk; Nghjhjh?  mjpfhug; gutyhf;fiy epiwNtw;Wk; tplaj;jpy; xU Fwpg;gpl;l [dhjpgjpia my;yJ xU Fwpg;gpl;l Ml;rpahsh;fis Fiw $WtJ kl;Lk; NghJkh? bq;fphp gz;lhit ePf;fp tpl;Lg; ghh;j;jhYk; $l n[ath;j;jdh> gpNukjhr> re;jphpfh> k`pe;j vd ehd;F [dhjpgjpfs; Mz;bUf;fpwhh;fs;. ,ilapy; ,uz;lhz;Lfs; uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;fh eilKiwapy; epiwNtw;wjpfhuk; nfhz;l xU gpujkuhf ,Ue;jpUf;fpwhh;. xUth; khwp kw;wth; Ml;rpgPlj;jpy; Vwpa NghJk; mjpfhug; gutyhf;fy; tplak; fOij Nja;e;J fl;nlWk;;ghd fijahfj;jhd; ele;Njwp tUfpwJ.

tlf;F fpof;F khfhz rigapd; Kjyikr;rh; tujuh[g;ngUkhs; Gj;jp nfl;ljdkhf md;iwa [dhjpgjpahd gpNukjhrhit vjph;j;J ,yq;if muirg; gifj;J ,e;jpa muRf;F mizthf ele;J nfhz;l gbahy;jhd; mg;NghJ murpay; mjpfhuk; eilngwhkw; NghdJ vd rpyh; tuyhw;W tpahf;fpahdk; nra;fpd;wdh;. ,e;j rpyUf;F ,e;j tpahf;fpahdj;Jf;F mbnaLj;Jf; nfhLj;jJ ahh;? ,e;j tpahf;fpahdj;jpy; cs;spilahf cs;s mh;j;jq;fs; vd;d - Nehf;fq;fs; vd;d Nghd;w tplaq;fis ehk; NtNwhU re;jh;g;gj;jpy; ghh;f;fyhk;.

fle;j ,UgJ Mz;Lfshf njd;dpyq;ifapy; cs;s VO khfhzq;fspYk; ngUk;ghYk; nfhOk;G ika murhq;ff; fl;rpiar; Nrh;e;jth;fNs Ml;rpapy; ,Ue;J te;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;. ,Ue;Jk; Vd; 13tJ jpUj;jk; KOikahf epiwNtw;wg;gltpy;iy?

fpof;F khfhz Kjyikr;rh; xU rlq;F rk;gpujha Kjyikr;rh; vd;w fl;lj;Jf;F Nky; nraw;gLtjw;F mjpfhukw;wpUf;Fk; mtUk; murpd; MjuTf; fl;rpf;fhuh;jhNd. mg;gbapUe;jk; Vd; mq;F mjpfhug;gfph;T eilngwtpy;iy?

,e;j epiyik k`pe;jtpd; fhyj;jpy; kl;Lk;jhd; vd;wpy;iy. gpNukjhrhtpd; fhyj;jpYk; ,Jjhd;> Nky;khfhz Kjyikr;ruhf rpyfhyk; ,Ue;J khfhz mjpfhuq;fs; njhlh;ghf mjpUg;jpg;gl;Lf; nfhz;l re;jphpfhtpd; [dhjpgjpf; fhyj;jpYk; ,Jjhd; epiyik. vdNt jtW [dhjpgjpfsplj;jpy; ve;jsT J}uk; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gij mstpl Kjy; 13tJ jpUj;jk; mbg;gilapy; nfhz;bUf;Fk; jtWfis – Kuz;ghLfis fz;lwpe;J Gupe;J nfhs;tJ mtrpakhFk;. 

,e;jpa-,yq;if rkhjhd cld;ghl;bd;gb mikatpy;iy

13tJ jpUj;jj;ij KOikahf epiwNtw;wpdhy; gpur;rpidfSf;F Fiwe;j gl;rkhapDk; jpUg;jpfukhd jPh;T fpilf;Fkh? ,jw;F> 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij KOikahf epiwNtw;Wjy; vd;W nrhy;tjd; mh;j;jk; vd;d? vd;gJ gw;wp xU njspthd tpsf;fk; Ntz;Lk;. me;j tpsf;fj;ijg; ngw Ntz;Lkhapd;. 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; vt;thW ve;nje;j tplaq;fspy; ve;nje;j msTf;F mjpfhug; gfph;T rl;lhPjpahf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;bUf;fpd;wJ? vd;w Nfs;tpf;F tpgukhd Ghpjy; Ntz;Lk;. 13tJ jpUj;jk; gw;wpa mwpTk; GhpjYk; Ie;J FUlh;fs; ahidapd; xt;nthU ghfj;ijAk; jltpg; ghh;j;J jkf;Fj; njhpe;j cjhuzq;fisf; nfhz;L Ghpe;J nfhz;lJ Nghy mikaf; $lhJ. my;yJ fhzhj flTis th;zpj;Jj; Njthuk; ghLtJ NghyTk; mikaf; $lhJ.

1987k; Mz;bd; ,e;jpa ,yq;if rkhjhd cld;ghl;bd;gbjhd; 13tJ jpUj;jk; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ vd;gJ gyuJk; mgpg;gpuhak;. ,e;j mgpg;gpuhaNk mbg;gilapy; jtwhFk;. ,e;jpa ,yq;if cld;ghl;by; mjpfhug; gfph;T njhlh;ghf Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s tplaq;fs; RUf;fkhf gpd;tUkhW:

1.   1986k; Mz;by; ,e;jpa kw;Wk; ,yq;if muRg; gpujpepjpfSf;fpilapy; eilngw;w Ngr;Rthj;ijfspd; mbg;gilapy; khfhz rigfSf;F mjpfhug; gfph;T Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

2.   tlf;F fpof;F khfhzq;fs; xUq;fpize;j xNu khfhz eph;thfkhf mikf;fg;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;. khfhz rig nraw;glj; njhlq;fp Xuhz;Lf;Fs; fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; Xh; rh;trd thf;nfLg;G elhj;jg;gl;L ,ize;j khfhzq;fs; njhlh;e;J ,ize;jpUg;gjh my;yJ jdpj;jdpahtjh vd;gJ jPh;khdpf;fg;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;.  

 

,it njhlh;ghf ,e;jpa murhq;fk; rpy vjph;ghh;g;Gf;fisf; nfhz;bUe;jijAk; ehk; Ghpe;j nfhs;s KbAk;:

xd;W - GypfSk; ,e;jpahtpd; Kd;Kaw;rpf;F G+uz xj;Jiog;G toq;Fthh;fs;>

,uz;L - Xuhz;Lf;Fs; rkhjhdkhd epiyik Vw;gl;L g+uzkhf [dehafhPjpahd #oy; Vw;gl;L tpLk;

%d;W - cs;ehl;bYk; ,e;jpahtpYk; mfjpfshfpg; NghapUe;j kf;fs; kPz;Lk; mtutuJ nrhe;j ,lq;fspy; FbNawptpLthh;fs;:

ehd;F - me;j Xuhz;Lf;fs; jkpo; kw;Wk; K];ypk; murpaw; jiyth;fSf;fpilapy; xU Ghpe;Jzh;T Vw;gl;L tpLk;.

vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;l ,itnaJTk; Vw;gltpy;iy. Gypfspd; murpaw; gytPdq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp n[ath;j;jdh jdJ murpaw; fha;fis efh;j;jp Gypfisf; nfhz;Nl jkpoh;fSf;F ve;j ed;ikAk; fpilf;fhky; ,yq;if murplkpUe;J ,e;jpah vjph;ghh;j;jtw;iwg; ngha;ahf;fptpl;lhh;. rpq;fsj; jiyth;fis ek;g KbahJ vd;W nrhy;ypf; nfhz;Nl rpq;fs ,dthjj; jiyth;fSf;F Jizahfr; nraw;gl;L jkpoh;fspd; Nghuhl;lj;ij gpd;js;sptpl;lJjhd; gpughfud; nra;j rhjid.

n[ath;j;jdh jhNd jdpg;gl;lhPjpapy; Kd;dpd;W jdJ rl;l MNyhrfh;fs; rl;l tiuthsh;fisf; nfhz;L fhJk; fhJk; itj;jJ Nghy ,uNthbuthf rpy ,uTfspNyNa 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij tiue;J Kbj;jhh;. mjid xNuehspNyNa ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; rl;lkhf;fpdhh;. 13tJ jpUj;jk; ghh;itapy; ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpy; khepyq;fSf;F mjpfhug; gfph;T mspj;jJ NghyNt tbtikf;fg;gl;lJ. 13tJ jpUj;jk; njhlh;ghf jpUg;jpaw;w ,e;jpag; gpujkh; uh[Pt; fhe;jp mg;Nghija ntspAwT mikr;rh; eurpk;kuhit ,yq;iff;F mDg;gp itj;jhh;. Mdhy; n[ath;j;jdh je;jpukhf vjw;Fk; xg;Gf; nfhs;shky; jtph;j;Jf; nfhz;lhh;. me;j Neuj;jpy; Gypfs; ,e;jpag; gilfSf;F vjpuhf rz;ilapy; <Lgl;L ,e;jpa murhq;fj;ij ,e;jpa mstpYk; rh;tNjr hPjpapYk; rq;flj;jpy; Mf;fp itj;jpUe;jJ. ,J tuyhW. vdNt 13tJ jpUj;jk; rl;lkhf Mf;fg;gl Kd;dh; ,e;jpahtpd; ghh;itf;F fhl;lg;glTkpy;iy. mjid ,Wjpahf Mf;Ftjpy; ,e;jpahtpd; Neubg; gq;fspg;Ngh my;yJ MNyhridNah ngwg;glTkpy;iy.

cr;repjp kd;wj;jpYk; curpg; ghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;

13tJ jpUj;jk; ,Jtiu fhyKk; rl;lhPjpapy; KOikahf epiwNtw;wg;gltpy;iyah?

mg;gbahdhy; vitnait epiwNtw;wg;gltpy;iy?

my;yJ epiwNtw;wg;gl;Ls;sitfs; Fiwghlhd Kiwfspy; epiwNtw;wg;gl;Ls;sdth?

murpay; ahg;gpy; $wg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhug; gfph;T tplaq;fis KOikahf epiwNtw;Wjy; my;yJ miuFiwahf epiwNtw;Wjy; vd Nkw;nfhs;sKbAkh?

murpay; ahg;ghdJ ntspg;gilahf rl;lthf;f kw;Wk; epiwNtw;W mjpfhuq;fis gfph;e;jspj;Js;s NghJ me;j mjpfhuq;fis ahuhtJ ahUf;fhtJ nfhLj;jy; my;yJ nfhLf;f kWj;jy; vd tplaq;fs; cs;sdth?

murpay; ahg;GG+h;tkhf khfhz rigfSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fis kj;jpa muR jukhl;Nld; vd;W kWf;f KbAkh?

mg;gb kWf;fg;gLfpd;w tplaq;fSf;F jPh;;Tju Ntz;baJ [dhjpgjpah? kj;jpa mikr;ruitah? ehlhSkd;wkh? my;yJ cr;rePjpkd;wkh?

Nghd;w Nfs;tpfis ePq;fs; cq;fSf;Fs;NsNa vOg;gp tpilfisj; NjLtJ Xh; mjpfhug; gfph;T Kiwiag; gw;wpa nghJ mwpitg; ngWtjw;Fk;> 13tJ jpUj;jj;ijg; Ghpe;J nfhs;tjw;Fk; mtrpakhFk;.

,e;jpahtpy; cs;sJ Nghy ,yq;ifapYk; cr;rePjpkd;wNk murpay; ahg;gpd; fhtyd; - murpay; ahg;gpd; %yk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;s ePjp epahaq;fis epiyepWj;j Ntz;ba flikahsd;. kj;jpa kw;Wk; khfhz Ml;rp mikg;Gf;fSf;fpilapy; mjpfhuk; rk;ge;jg;gl;l rpf;fy;fs; tUk;NghJ jPh;j;J itf;Fk; ty;yhz;ik cr;rePjpkd;wj;Jf;Nf cz;L. 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; cz;ikahd mjpfhug; gfph;T mikit cr;r ePjpkd;wj;jpNyNa ghpNrhjpj;Jg; ghh;j;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

kj;jpa muRf;Fk; khfhz muRf;Fk; ,ilNa mjpfhug; gfph;T Fwpj;j rpf;fy; VJk; Vw;gLkhapd; me;jg; gpur;rpid njhlh;ghf kj;jpa muNrh my;yJ khfhz muNrhjhd; cr;r ePjpkd;wj;jpy; tof;Fj; njhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. mg;gbahdhy;> ,g;NghJs;s ve;j khfhz Kjyikr;ruhtJ 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd;gb epiwNtw;g;glhjtw;iw epiwNtw;Wk;gb Nfl;L cr;r ePjp kd;wj;jpy; tof;Fj; njhLf;Fk; epiyapy; cs;shuh?;. fpof;F khfhzk; cl;gl vy;yh khfhz Ml;rpfSk; kj;jpa Ml;rpahshpd; rhh;ghd Ml;rpfshf ,Uf;Fk; epiyapy; ahh; mt;thwhd tof;ifj; njhLf;f Kd;tUthh;fs;?;

fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; Ml;rpaikf;fg;gl;L rpy thuq;fspy; midj;J khfhz Kjyikr;rh;fspd; khehL nraw;gl Muk;gpj;jJ. khfhzq;fSf;F mjpfhuq;fs; Nghjpa msT gfpug;glNtz;Lk; vd;w Fuy; vOe;jJ. Mdhy; VNjh fhuzj;jhy; me;jf; Fuy; vOk;gpa mNj Ntfj;jpNyNa mlq;fpg; Ngha;tpl;lJ. mjpfhug; gfph;T njhlh;ghd xU tof;if VjhtJ xU nghJ epWtdNkh my;yJ xU egNuh nghJ eyd; rk;ge;jg;gl;l tof;F vd cr;r ePjp kd;wj;jpy; njhLf;fyhkh vd Muha;e;J mjw;Nfw;wgb eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,itnay;yhk; nra;Ak; mf;fiwAk; Nghf;Fk; murpay; rf;jpfs; kj;jpapy; epytpdhy; jhd; mjpfhug; gfph;T gw;wpa Xh; MNuhf;fpakhd #o;epiy cUthFk;. mj;Jld; 13tJ jpUj;jk; gw;wpa njspthd epiyikfSk; ntspg;gLk;. rpq;fsg; Nghpdthj rf;jpfs; tlf;F fpof;F khfhzq;fisg; gphpg;gjpYk; mjpfhug;gfph;Tf;F vjpuhfTk; cr;rePjp kd;wj;ijg; gad;gLj;Jtjpy; nfhz;bUf;Fk; mf;fiwAk; <LghLk; [dehaf Kw;Nghf;F rf;jpfsplk; mth;fsJ ,yf;Ffs; njhlh;ghf fhzg;gltpy;iy vd;gNj ntspg;gilahd cz;ikahFk;.      

jtW 13tJ jpUj;jj;Jf;F cs;NsNa ,Uf;fpwJ

murpay; ahg;gpd; 13tJ jpUj;jk; mjpfhug; gfph;T tplaj;jpy; rhpahf mikahj – mikf;;fg;glhj xU rl;lNk.

vdJ ,f;$w;wpy; cs;slq;fpAs;s mh;j;jq;fis; gpd;tUkhW: fhZq;fs;;-

• kpfg; nghpa mstpy; kj;jpa muRf;F trjpahf tpsf;fk; nfhs;sf; $ba tifapy; trd mikg;Gf;fs; cs;sd. epjp mjpfhuk;> epjp tsq;fspd; gfph;T> eph;thf cwTfs;> eph;thf tsq;fspd; gfph;T> kw;Wk; epyj;jpd; kPjhd mjpfhuq;fs; Nghd;w tplaq;fspy; Fog;gkhd thf;fpa mikg;Gf;fisNa nfhz;Ls;sJ.

• khfhz rigfs; epjptsj;Jf;F kj;jpa Ml;rpahsh;fspd; jatpy; jq;fpapUg;gjhy; mjpfhug; gfph;tpd; %d;whtJ epuypYs;s mjpfhuq;fs; midj;Jk; eilKiwapy; kj;jpa murpd; epiwNtw;wjpfhuj;Jf;F cl;gl;litahfNt cs;sd. mj;Jld; khfhzq;fSf;F njspthf toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fis epiwNtw;Wtjw;Ff; $l khfhz Ml;rpfSf;Fhpa epjpMjhuq;fs; Nghjpajw;witahfNt cs;sd.

• khfhz mjpfhuj;Jf;F cl;gl;l tplaq;fspYk; ehd;fhe;ju Copah;fisj; jtpu Vida midj;J Ntiy epakdq;fspYk; kj;jpa murpd; Mjpf;fk; mjpfhuk; nrYj;Jk; tpjkhf rl;l Xl;ilfisf; nfhz;ljhfNt 13tJ jpUj;jk; mike;Js;sJ.

• 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; nghyp]; rl;lk; xOq;F vd;w jiyaq;fj;jpy; tplaq;fs; mjpfhug; gfph;T epuypYk; gpd;dpizg;gpYk; ePskhf nrhy;yg;gl;bUe;jhYk; rhuhk;rj;jpy; mit njhlh;ghf mjpfhuq;fs; vJTk; mh;j;jKilaitahf toq;fg;gltpy;iy.

• kj;jpa muRf;fhd epuypYs;s tplaq;fSf;F kl;Ly;yhJ khfhz epuypYs;s tplaq;fSf;Fk; nghJepuypYs;s tplaq;fSf;Fk; kj;jpapy; mikr;Rf;fSk; mikr;rh;fSk; ,Ug;gjdhy; epjp KOtJTk; mq;NfNa gfpug;gLfpwJ. ,jdhy; khfhz mikr;Rf;fs; ngaustpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L <Nahl;l Ntz;baitahf Mf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd.

• gpNukjhrh fhyj;jpy;; murhq;f mjpgh;fisj; jtpu Vida nghJ eph;thf mjpfhupfs; khfhz Ml;rpfSf;F cl;gl;lth;fnsd ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy; gpd;dh; mJTk; ,y;yhkw; NghdJ. Mszpfspd; gfph;T njhlh;ghf 13tJ jpUj;jk; nksdkhf ,Ug;gJ kj;jpa muRf;F mjpfhuq;fis Mf;fpukpg;gjw;F kpfTk; trjpahf cs;sJ.

• khfhz MSeh;fs;> mikr;rh;fs;> khfhz rig cWg;gpdh;fs; kw;Wk; mjpfhup;fspd;; cj;jpNahf G+h;t juhjuq;fs; vd;d vd;gJ njspthf eph;zapf;fg;glhj xd;whfNt cs;sJ. ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpduhf ,Uf;fpd;w xUtiu tpl khfhz mikr;rh; xUth; Fiwe;j mur juKilatuhfNt elj;jg;gLfpwhh;. xU kj;jpa mikr;riuAk; tpl cah;e;j juepiy nfhz;l MSeh; gjtpf;F gjtpapypUf;Fk; kj;jpa mur eph;thfpfs; epakpf;fg;gLfpwhh;fs;. ,itnay;yhk; khfhz rig mikg;G Kiwiaj; juf; Fiwthf;Fk; tplaq;fshf cs;sd.

13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; %ykhd mjpfhug; gutyhf;fy; vd;gJ mJ eilKiwf;F te;J ,UgJ Mz;LfshfpAk; ,d;dKk; xU Fiwe;j gl;r ek;gpf;ifiaAk; jUk; xd;whf mikatpy;iy vd;gNj cz;ikahFk;.

13tJ jpUj;jj;ij itj;J xd;WNk cUg;gbahfr; nra;a Kbahjh vd;W vd;idf; Nfl;lhy; jw;fhypfkhf mjid ey;y Nehf;fq;fis rhjpg;gjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;j KbAk; vd;W nrhy;Ntd;. Mdhy; mjw;F nfhOk;G ika Ml;rpahsh;fSk; cr;rePjpkd;wKk; chpa eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;Sjy; Ntz;Lk;.

cr;rePjpkd;wj;jpD}lhf mjpfhug; gfph;T

murpay; ahg;gpy; cs;s 13tJ jpUj;jk; toq;fpAs;s mjpfhug;gfph;Tfis nraw;gl itg;gjw;F cr;rePjpkd;wj;ij mZFtJ jtph;f;f Kbahj - ghPl;rpj;Jg; ghh;f;fg;gl Ntz;ba xd;whFk;. mjd;%yk; ehk; vjph;ghh;f;ff; $ba jpUg;jpfukhd epiyia ve;jsT J}uk; milayhk; vd;gij ,g;NghNj vjph;T $w KbahJ. vdpDk; mij Kiwahf mZFtjd; %yk; Fwpg;gpl;l rpy gyhgyd;fis mila tha;g;Gfs; cz;L..

cr;rePjpkd;wj;jhy; 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; $wg;gl;ltw;iw tpl Nkyjpfkhf ve;jnthU mjpfhuj;ijak; khfhz rigfSf;Fj; juKbahnjdpDk; 13tJ jpUj;jk; njhlh;ghf cr;rePjpkd;wj;ij tphpthd> Mokhd xU jiyaPl;il Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F itf;f Ntz;baJ mtrpakhFk;. cr;r ePjpkd;wk; 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; $wg;gl;Ls;s midj;J tplaq;fisAk; ftdj;jpy; vLj;J 13tJ jpUj;j tplaq;fs; murpay; ahg;gpy; nfhz;Ltug;gl;ljd; mbg;gilfisAk; ftdj;jpw; nfhz;L fPNo $wg;gl;Ls;s gpujhdkhd %d;W tifg;gl;l tplaq;fSf;F chpa njspthd rl;l tpsf;fq;fisj; jUtNjhL mtw;wpw;F mikthd fl;lisfisAk; gpwg;gpj;jy; Ntz;Lk.; my;yhjtiu 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; Fog;gq;fs; njsptila khl;lh. me;j tplaq;fshtd:-

1. 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; cs;s midj;J tplaq;fisAk; KOikahf rhpahf kj;jpa murhq;fk; epiwNtw;whikiaf; fz;lwpjy; – cjhuzkhf> Njrpa kw;Wk; khfhz nghyp]; Mizf;FOf;fis epakpf;fhik> khfhzq;fSf;F  chpa eph;thf mjpfhupfs; kw;Wk; Copah;fisAk;> ,yhf;fhf;fspd; mirAk; kw;Wk; mirahr; nrhj;Jf;fisAk; chpa epiwNtw;W mjpfhuq;fSf;F mika ,d;dKk; gfpug;glhik Nghd;wd:

2. 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; cs;s rpy my;yJ gy tplaq;fspy; kj;jpa murhq;fk; rl;lj;Jf;F Kuzhfr; nraw;gLfpd;wikia ntspg;gLj;jy; – cjhuzkhf> fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; epjp mikr;rh; gjtpiaAk; mjpfhuq;fisAk; MSeh; kf;fshy; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l mikr;rUf;F ifaspf;f kWg;gJ> Mrphpah; Ntiyfis kj;jpa mikr;rNu toq;FtJ> itj;jparhiy kw;Wk; Rfhjhu tplaq;fspd mjpfhuq;fis ,d;dKk; kj;jpa mikr;rNu itj;jpUg;gJ Nghd;wit:  :

3. 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; cs;s rpy Kf;fpakhd nrhw;gjq;fSf;F rhpahd rl;l tpsf;fq;fisj; jUjy; - cjhuzkhf> khfhzq;fspd; thptUkhdq;fs;> nghJ epuypy; $wg;gl;Ls;s xt;nthU tplaj;jpd; kPjhd epiwNtw;wjpfhuk; ve;j Ml;rpaikg;Gf;F chpaJ> MSehpd; epiwNtw;wjpfhu tiuaiwfs;; Nghd;w tplaq;fs;.    

mjpfhug; gfph;T tplaj;ij KOikahfTk; rhpahfTk; Nkw;nfhs;tjpy; ngUk;ghj;jpuk; kj;jpa murgPlj;jpy; ,Ug;gth;fshNyNa Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mth;fsplk; mjw;F mikthf jhkhfNt tpUg;gk; nfhz;l kdk; Ntz;Lk;> jPh;khdfukhd murpaw; JzpT Ntz;Lk;> rhjpf;Fk; Ntfk; nfhz;l <LghL Ntz;Lk;. ,UgJ Mz;LfSf;F Nkyhf nty;yg;glNt Kbahjth;fs; vd;W fUjg;gl;l GypfisNa MzpNth; tiu mopj;j [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;\ tpUk;gpj; Jzpe;jhy; mtuhy; Kbahnjd;wpy;iy. If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rp xj;Jiof;fj; jahnud;fpwJ> Gypfspd; jlq;fy; vJTk; jw;NghJ fpilahJ. ,e;jpah cl;gl cyfpd; ngUk;ghd;ikahd ehLfspd; G+uz xj;Jiog;Gk; cjtpfSk; epr;rakhff; fpilf;Fk;> jkpo;ehl;bypUe;Jk;; jpUg;jpfukhd Mjuitg; ngwKbAk; jkpo; [dehaf rf;jpfs; kpfTk; cw;rhfj;NjhL nraw;gLthh;fs;. MdhYk; murhq;fk; me;jg;ghijapy; nraw;glj; jahuhf ,Uf;fpd;wjh vd;gjw;fhd tpil ,d;dKk; njspthf ,y;iy.

13tJ jpUj;jk; epue;jukhd murpaw; jPh;Tf;fhd mbg;gilahf mika KbahJ vd;gJ mwpe;Jk; mwpahkYk; gyuhYk; cr;rhpf;fg;gLk; xd;whf cs;sJ. Mdgbahw;jhd; <okf;fs; Gul;rpfu tpLjiy Kd;dzp md;W khfhz rig mjpfhuj;ijf; iftpl Neh;e;jJ. vkJ me;j epiyg;ghl;il Vw;Wf; nfhz;lgbahw;jhd; re;jphpfh mth;fs; Xh; murpaw; jPh;it Kd;itj;jhh;. 13tJ jpUj;jk; Nghjpajy;y rhpahdjy;y vd;wgbahw;jhd; k`pe;j uh[gf;\ Nguhrphpah; jp];] tpjhuztpd; jiyikapy; midj;Jf; fl;rpfspd; fkpl;bia Mf;f Ntz;b Vw;gl;lJ. vdNt 13tJ jpUj;jk; jpUg;jpfukhdjy;y vd;gJ kPz;Lk; $f;Fuyplg;gl Ntz;ba xU tplaky;y.

,g;NghJs;s murpay; ahg;gpy; Vw;fdNt 13tJ jpUj;jk; vd;w tbtpy; mjpfhug; gfph;T cs;sJ vd;w tifapy; ,g;Nghijf;F kf;fSf;F ek;gpf;ifA+l;Lk; xU ey;y Nehf;Fld; jw;fhypfkhf - mjpfhug;gfph;T tplaq;fis cldbahf Kd;ndLf;f Ntz;baJ mtrpkhd xd;W. Kiwahf cs;slf;fq;fisf; nfhz;l rhpahdnjhU murpay; jPh;tpd;  tiuT ,Wjp nra;agl;L rl;lkhf;fg;gLtjw;F xU fhy msT fl;lhakhfj; Njitg;gLk; vd;gij kWg;gjw;fpy;iy. Mdhy; mJ xU jPa cs;Nehf;fk; nfhz;l jpl;lkplg;gl;l fhyjhkjkhf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. me;j ,ilf;fhyj;jpy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;ba cldbahd murpay; eltbf;ifahf 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ek;gpf;iffisf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; tpjkhf epiwNtw;wg;glyhk;.

Mdhy;> gioa FUb fjitj; jpwtb vd;gJ Nghy 13tJ jpUj;jk; njhlh;e;Jk; ifahsg;gl;lhy; ,Uf;Fk; rpwpa ek;gpf;iffSk; rpjwbf;fg;gl;LtpLk;. 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij Mf;fG+h;tkhf nraw;gl itg;gjw;Fhpa eltbf;iffis jkpo; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; nry;thf;F kpf;f rf;jpfs; nraw;glhky; ,Ug;gJTk; jtwhFk;.

mh;j;jKila tifahf 13tJ jpUj;jk; epiwNtw;wg;gl Ntz;Lkhdhy; mJ njhlh;ghf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;ba rpy mbg;gilahd tplaq;fs; kpfTk; mtrpakhFk;. mtw;wpy; gpujhdkhdtw;iw  gpd;tUkhW tupirg;gLj;JfpNwd;:

1.   13tJ jpUj;jj;ij Kbe;j msT khfhz rigfSf;F rhh;ghf tpsf;fkspf;Fk;gb mjpfhuk;  nfhz;l mjpfhug; gfph;T Mizf;FO (Devolution Commission) xd;W [dhjpgjpahy; fl;rprhh;gw;w epGzh;fisf; nfhz;L cldbahf mikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j Mizf;FOtpd; ghpe;Jiufspd; mbg;gilapNyNa mjpfhug; gfph;tpd; eilKiw tplaq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;:

2.   kjpg;Gf; $l;L thp (VAT) cl;gl tpw;gdT thpfs; (sales Taxes) kJghd thptUkhdq;fs; (Taxes and other revenues on alcohols)> nrhj;Jkhw;w thpfs; (Stamp duties on Property Transfers) Nghd;wd cl;gl khfhz rigfspd; thptUkhdq;fnsd 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; cs;s 19 tif tUkhdq;fSk; jpul;lg;gl;L  fhyjhkjkpd;wp KOikahf khfhz Ml;rpfSf;F chpagb gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;; mj;Jld; tUkhdthp (Income Tax)> Rq;f tupfs; (Custom Duties) kw;Wk; ntspehl;L th;j;jf (Foreign Trade) thpfspypUe;J fpilf;Fk; tUkhdj;jpYk; fzprkhd gq;F khfhz muRfSf;F Njrpa epjp Mizf;FOtpd; rpghh;rpd; gpufhuk; gfpug;gl Ntz;Lk;. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jhy; kl;LNk eph;tfpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba tplaq;fshd ehl;bd; ghJfhg;G> xUikg;ghL> ntspehl;LwT> fg;gy; Jiw kw;Wk; JiwKfq;fs;> tpkhdq;fs; kw;Wk; tpkhd epiyaq;fs;> nwapy;Nt> kj;jpa epjp eph;thfk;> tq;fpfs;> njhiyj; njhlh;Gfs;> njhiyf;fhl;rpfs;> kw;Wk; NwbNah fl;Lg;ghLfs;> ntspehl;L th;j;jfk; Nghd;w ehL jOtpa kw;Wk; Njrpa tplaq;fisj; jtpu Vida tplaq;fs; ngUk;ghYk; khfhz rigfshy; epiwNtw;wg;gLgitahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w czh;NthL kj;jpa epjptsq;fs; khfhz muRfSf;F toq;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.

3.   mjw;F chpa tifapy; Fiwe;j gl;rkhd mikr;Rf;fisAk; eph;thff; fl;likg;Gf;fisAk; itj;Jf; nfhz;L Vidatw;iw khfhz muRfsplk; tpl;Ltpl Ntz;Lk;. ,jd; %yk; mehtrpakhf cUthFk; ,ul;il eph;thf mikg;Gf;fisAk; mjdhy; Vw;gLk; ,ul;ilr; nrytPdq;fisAk; jtph;g;gNjhL khfhz muRfis kf;fs; kj;jpapy; r%f nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jp tplaq;fspy; fhhpajhf;fk; nfhz;litahf nraw;gLk; epiyia cUthf;f Ntz;Lk;.

4.   kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhuj;Jf;F cl;gl;l ngUtPjpfs;> rpwg;G tPl;Lj;jpl;lq;fs;> Fwpg;gpl;l r%f eyj;jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jpj; jpl;lq;fs; vd;gd khfhz murpd; epiwNtw;W eph;thfq;fs; %ykhfNt Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;. mt;tplaq;fspy; kj;jpa murhq;fk; khtl;lq;fs; NjhWk; jdJ Nkw;ghh;it mjpfhhpfisf; nfhz;bUg;gijj; jtpu fPo;epiyg;gl;l ,yhf;fhf;fisf; nfhz;bUf;ff; $lhJ.

5.   murhq;f mjpgh;fs; cl;gl nghJeph;thf mjpfhhpfs; kw;Wk; Copah;fs; midtUk; me;je;j khfhz Ml;rpfspd; eph;thfq;fSf;F cl;gl;lth;fshf Mf;fg;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;. kj;jpa murpd; tplaq;fis epiwNtw;Wtjpy; me;j cah; eph;thf mjpfhhpfs; kj;jpa murpd; fl;lisfSf;Fg; gzpthf nraw;gl Ntz;Lk.; mg;gbapy;iyahapd; khfhz Ml;rpfs; jkf;nfd khtl;lq;fs;> gpuNjr vy;iyfs;> fpuhkq;fs; tiu nghJ eph;thf mjpfhhpfisAk; Copah;fisAk; jdpahff; nfhz;bUf;f tif nra;a Ntz;Lk;. khwhf kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhhpfisAk; Copah;fisAk; khfhz Ml;rpfs; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk; vd;gJ xU eph;thfkdpjid jiyfPohf elf;f itf;Fk; nraw;ghlhFk;.. 

6.   Gdh;tho;T NtiyfSk;> kj;jpa murpd; fl;blq;fs; jtph;e;jtw;wpd; midj;J Gduikg;G NtiyfSk; KOikahf khfhz muRfspd; mjpfhuj;Jf;F cl;gl;litahf Vw;ghL nra;ag;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;. me;jtifapy; mtw;Wf;fhd epjpfs; khfhz eph;thfj;Jf;F cl;gl;litahf Mf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;:

7.   tptrhak;> ePh;g;ghrdk;> kPd;gpb> fpuhkpa mgptpUj;jp> efuq;fspd; mgptpUj;jp> rpW njhopy;fs; kw;Wk; Fbirf; ifj;njhopy;fs;> r%f eyd; Nritfs;> $l;LwT mikg;Gf;fs;> khfhzq;fSf;Fs; th;j;jfk;> khfhzq;fSf;Fs; Nghf;Ftuj;J> cs;Sh; Rw;Wyhj;Jiw Nghd;witAk; mit njhlh;ghd tplaq;fSk; KOikahf khfhz muRfspd; mjpfhuq;fshf mikAk; tifapy; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

8.   kj;jpa murpd; fy;tp epiyaq;fnsd tpNrlkhff; Fwpj;J mwptpf;fg;gl;ltw;iwj; jtpu Vida midj;J gs;spf;;$lq;fspdJk; kw;Wk; njhopy; gapw;rpf; fy;tp epiyaq;fspdJk; mgptpUj;jp> eph;thfk;> mrphpah;fs; epakdk; Nghd;wtw;wpd;  KOikahd mjpfhuk; khfhz rigfSf;F chpajhf tplg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

9.   kj;jpa muRf;F cl;gl;lnjd jpl;ltl;lkhff; $wg;gl;ltw;iwj; jtpu Vida midj;J itj;jparhiyfs; kw;Wk; itj;jpa Nritfspd; tpUj;jpAk; eph;thfKk;> NkYk;  Rfhjhuk;> kUe;Jfs; kw;Wk;; njhlh;ghd mjpfhuq;fSk; jiyaPlw;w tpjkhf khfhz muRfsplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.   

10.  khfhz nghyp]; gphpthdJ khfhzrigapd; rl;lq;fSf;Fk; khfhz Kjyikr;rupd; fl;lisfSf;Fk; fPo;g;gbthf nraw;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;w eph;thf Vw;ghnlhd;iw [dhjpgjp Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mj;Jld; khfhz kw;Wk; Njrpa nghyp]; Mizf;FOf;fis fhyjhkjkpd;wp epakpf;f Ntz;Lk;:

11.  fhL kw;Wk; mur epyq;fspd; ghtid njhlh;ghf kj;jpa muR nfhs;Sk; Rw;Wr; #oy; nfhs;iffSf;F mika khfhz muRfNs epyg;ghtid> epy eph;thfk;> epy mgptpUj;jp> epyg;gfph;T> murepyq;fspy; FbNaw;wq;fs; kw;Wk; fhl;L tsq;fs; gw;wpa tplaq;fspy; KOikahd epiwNtw;wjpfhuk; nfhz;bUf;f tif nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

12.  Njh;jy; elj;Jtijj; jtpu cs;Suhl;rp mikg;Gf;fs; njhlh;ghd midj;J mjpfhuq;fSk; khfhz Ml;rpfSf;F cl;gl;litNa vd;gJ cWjpahf epiyehl;lg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

murpay; ahg;gpd; 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij ,e;jpa ,yq;if rkhjhd cld;ghl;Lf;F mikthf epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lkhapd; - jkpoh;fspd; murpaw; Nfhhpf;iffis Fiwe;j gl;rkhapDk; Kiwahfj; jPh;j;J itf;Fk; Kaw;rp Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ vd;gJ cz;ikahdhy; ehd; NkNy Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s gpujhdkhd tplaq;fis> Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s gpufhuk; epiwNtw;wpdhy;jhd; 13tJ jpUj;jk; gaDilajhf ,Uf;Fk;. mg;NghJjhd; 13tJ jpUj;jk; KOikahf epiwNtw;wg;gLk; my;yJ epiwNtw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W nrhy;tjpy; cz;ikahd mh;j;jk; Vw;gl KbAk;.

mijtpLj;J khwhf murpay; kw;Wk; uh[hPf mOj;jq;fisj; jpir jpUg;Gtjw;fhf NknyOe;jthhpahf 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij Koikahf epiwNtw;WNthk; vd;W thf;FWjp mspg;gjpNyh my;yJ 13tJ jpUj;jk; KOikahf epiwNtw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W thf;FNtl;ilf;fhf Njh;jw; Nfh\k; NghLtjpNyh mjd; mh;j;jj;ijf; fhzKbahJ. mNjNghy 13tJ jpUj;jj;ijf; fz;iz %bf; nfhz;L mJ Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba xd;W nrhy;tJTk; jtwhFk;. 13tJ jpUj;jk; KOikahf epiwNtw;wg;glf; $lhJ vd rpq;fg; Nghpdthj rf;jpfs; $r;ry; NghLtjpUe;Nj 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; gy ey;y tplaq;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd vd;gij nghJ mwpTila vtUk; #rkhfg; Ghpe;J nfhs;syhk;.   

ehd; thpirg;gLj;jpAs;s tplaq;fs; vJTk; mjPjkhd fwpgidfNsh my;yJ 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij kPwpaitNah my;y vd;gij ePq;fs; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. cz;ikapy; 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij rhpahf mKy;gLj;jp khfhzq;fSf;F mjpfhuk; gfpug;gl Ntz;Lk; - khfhz Ml;rpfs; murpay;hPjpay; mh;j;jG\;b cilaitahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why; - kf;fisj; jpUg;jpg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; fhhparpj;jp cilaitahf mit nraw;gl Ntz;Lnkd;why; ehd; $wpAs;sgb 13tJ jpUj;jk; tpahf;fpdk; (interpretation) jug;gl;L tplaq;fs; eilKiwahf Ntz;Lk;.

mjw;F khwhf fle;j ,UgJ Mz;Lfshf njd;dpyq;ifapd; VO khfhz Ml;rpfSf;Fk; fle;j gjpide;J khjq;fshf fpof;F khfhzj;Jf;Fk; toq;fg;gl;lJ Nghy;j;jhd; ,dpAk; njhlh;e;J khfhz Ml;rpfSf;F mjpfhuq;fs; toq;fg;gLkhapd; ,e;j khfhz Ml;rpfs; ntWk; nts;is ahidfNs. ,J kj;jpa Ml;rpahshh;fs; cyFf;F Ntbf;if fhl;lTk;> Rkhh; 400 NgUf;F khfhz rig cWg;gpdh; vd Ciur; Rj;Jk; gjtpaspf;fTk; 45NgUf;F khfhz mikr;rh;fnsd kf;fs; gzj;jpy; xU gFjpiar; RUl;Lk; tha;g;Gf;fisj; juTk; jtpu ntnwjw;Fk; gad;glhJ.

13tJ jpUj;jk; xU $uhd fj;jp Nghd;wJ. [dhjpgjpAk; mtNuhL ,ize;j Ml;rpahsh;fSk; mjidg; gad;gLj;Jtjpy; nfhz;bUf;Fk; Nehf;fj;ijAk; gad;gLj;Jk; tpjj;ijAk; nghWj;jJjhd; 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; gad;ghL mikAk;. 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij ey;ygb epiwNtw;WtJ vd;gJ xU ngUk; murpaw; rthy;.

[dhjpgjpapd; Kd;dhy; cs;s rthy;fs;

13tJ jpUj;jj;ij KOikahf – Kiwahf epiwNtw;w tpUk;Gk; mjw;Fj; jahuhFk; xU [dhjpgjp Fwpg;ghf ,uz;L tplaq;fis mbg;gilapy; rhjpf;f Ntz;Lk;:

KjyhtJ  -  ,g;NghJ 90 Ngh; kj;jpa Ml;rpapy;; mikr;rh;fshf ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. ,e;j vz;zpf;ifia Mff; $ba gl;rk; 35 (225 ehlhSkd;dw cWg;gpdh;fspy; 15 rjtPjk;) NgUf;F Nky; Nghfhky; Fiwf;f Ntz;Lk;:

,uz;lhtJ – nkhj;j mur tUkhdj;jpy; Fiwe;j gl;rk; 50 rjtPjj;ijahtJ khfhz Ml;rpfspd; eph;zaj;Jf;Fk; eph;thfj;Jf;Fk; gfph;e;jspf;f Ntz;Lk;.

,e;j ,uz;L tplaq;fisAk; eilKiwg;gLj;jhky; 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij KOikahf epiwNtw;WtJ rhj;jpakpy;iy. [dhjpgjp ,e;j ,uz;L tplaq;fisAk; rhjpg;ghuh? mg;gbj;jhd; mtw;iw mtu; rhjpf;f Kide;jhYk; mtiur; #o;e;jth;fs; tpLthh;fsh? mtw;iw mth; rhjpg;gij NtW ve;j rf;jpahtJ cWjpg;gLj;Jkh?> 

khw;wk; mtrpaNk

vt;thwhapDk;> 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; ey;yNghf;Fk; $lhj Nghf;Fk; rl;lj;jpd; Ml;rpahf my;yhky; kj;jpa Ml;rpj; jiythpd; jdpg;gl;l Nehf;fj;jpYk; fUj;jpYk; jq;fpapUg;gjhfNt ,Uf;Fk; vd;gjhy; mjd; kPJ ePz;lfhyj;Jf;F ek;gpapUf;f KbahJ. Ml;rpkhwpdhy; 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; eilKiwAk; khWk;. vdNt 13tJ jpUj;jk; ey;y Kiwapy; KOikahf epiwNtw;wg;gl;lhYk; $l kpftpiutpy; mjw;F khw;whf rl;lhPjpahf epue;juk; nfhz;l rhpahdnjhU murpaw; jPh;T Mf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; - eilKiwapy; mJ nraw;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ jPh;f;fkhdjhFk;.     

13tJ jpUj;jkhdJ kw;nwhU murpay; ahg;Gj; jpUj;jk; %yk; ey;yKiwapy; khw;wp mikf;fg;gl;lhNy mJ xU nghpa gaDila tplakhf mikAk;. vdNt vjph;fhyj;jpy; 13tJ jpUj;jj;Jf;F khw;whf Xh; murpaw; jPh;T tuNtz;Lk; vd;W fUJgth;fs;. me;j khw;W mikg;gpy; vt;tsTjhd; mjpfhuq;fs; mjpfkhf mika Ntz;Lk; vd;w fUjpdhYk;> mbg;gilapy; 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpy; Vw;fdNt toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhug; gfph;TfSf;Fr; rhh;ghf cs;s midj;J tplaq;fSk; fl;lhak; cs;slf;fg;gLtij cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; Ntz;Lk;.

Edpg;Gy; NkahjPh;fs;! cz;ikfis ePq;fNs msTq;fs;!;

kpfg; ngUk;ghyhdth;fs; 13tJ jpUj;jk; gw;wpa ve;j mwpTk; ,y;yhkNyjhd; - gutyhf vOg;gg;gLk; Nfh\q;fis mbg;gilahf itj;Jj;jhd; 13tJ jpUj;jk; kPjhd mjpUg;jpiaf; fhl;Lfpd;wdh;. rpyh; rpyegh;fspd; Edpg;Gy; Nka;e;j tifahd fUj;Jf;fisf; Nfl;l mstpNyNa jkJ mgpg;gpuhaq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdh;. 13tJ jpUj;jk; gw;wpa Kiwahf fpufpj;J Ghpe;J nfhs;shky; xUth; ,yq;ifapy; mjpfhug; gfph;T gw;wp jkJ njspthd mgpg;gpuhaq;fis cUthf;fpf; nfhs;s KbahJ.

r%f murpay; kPJ mf;fiwAk; <LghLk; nfhz;l jkpo; Gj;jp[Ptp md;gh;fs; ,yq;ifapd; murpay; ahg;ig Fwpg;ghf mjpy; 13tJ jpUj;jk; cs;slf;fpAs;s tplaq;fis nghWikahf gy jlit ePq;fNs Neubahf thrpAq;fs;:

mJ gw;wp kw;wth;fSld; Nrh;e;J Fwpg;ghf rl;l ty;Ydh;fspd; JiziaAk; ngw;W $l;lhf MokhfTk; tphpthfTk; fye;JiuahLq;fs;:

NtW ehLfspy; eilKiwapYs;s rk\;b mikg;G murpay; ahg;GfSld; xg;gpl;Lg; gbAq;fs;:>

re;jphpfhtpd; jPh;T kw;Wk;> Nguhrphpah; jp];] tpjhuz Muk;gj;jpy; itj;j jPh;T Mfpatw;Wld; xt;nthU tplakhf xg;gpl;Lg; ghUq;fs;. 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpYs;s epiwfisAk; FiwfisAk; fz;lwpAq;fs;: mg;nghOJjhd; murhq;fk; Kd;itf;Fk; murpaw; jPh;itg; gw;wp cq;fshy; rhpahf mgpg;gpuhak; nfhs;s KbAk;.

vt;tsTjhd; FiwghLfisf; nfhz;ljhf ,Ue;j NghjpYk; mLj;j fl;lkhd mjpfhug;gfph;T Kd;Ndw;wkhdJ 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpypUe;J Kd;Ndhf;fp ce;jpg; ghAk; xU tplaNk. vdNt 13tJ jpUj;jk; gw;wpa Kiwahd mwpTk; njspthd GhpjYk; cq;fs; r%f ,yl;rpag; ghijapy; cs;s ,d;iwa NjitahFk;. mj;Jld; 13tJ jpUj;jj;ij KOikahfTk; KiwahfTk; eilKiwahf itg;gjw;fhd Ntiyfis Mf;fG+h;tkhf Kd;ndLg;gJTk; jkpoh;fspd; eyd;fs; kPJ cz;ikahd mf;fiw nfhz;Nlhhpd; fl;lhakhd flikahFk;.

13tJ jpUj;jk; njhlh;ghd cq;fsJ Nkyjpf Nfs;tpfis ikakhf itj;J NkYk; vdJ tpsf;fj;ijj; njhlUNtd;.

cq;fs; md;gpd;

tujuh[g;ngUkhs;

Gul;lhrp 2009