[_d; 20

cyf mfjpfs; jpdk;  nrhe;j ehl;bNyNa mfjpfsha; khwpa mgiyfs;

(jh];)

I.eh. mfjpfs; mikg;ghd If;fpa ehLfs; rigapd; mfjpfSf;fhd Mizaj;jpd; tpsf;fk; $Wfpwgb> mfjp vd;W miof;fg;gLk; egu;> Jd;GWj;jy;> Aj;jk; my;yJ Nkhjy; Mfpatw;wpd; fhuzkhf nrhe;j ehl;il tpl;L tpul;lg;gl;ltu; Mthu;. ,dk;> kjk;> Njrtop> murpay; kw;Wk; rKjha FOf;fs; fhuzkhf ehl;il tpl;L tpul;lg;gl;l eguhy; kPz;Lk; jdJ ehl;Lf;F jpUk;g Kbahj epiyik Vw;gLk;NghJ> mtu; kw;nwhU ehl;by; mfjpahff; fUjg;gLthu;. ,tu;fs; ru;tNjr mfjpfshtu;.

cs;ehl;L mfjpfs; gw;wp I.eh. mf jpfs; mikg;G ve;jnthU tpsf;fKk; mspf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; ,Jgw;wp I.eh.tpd; Mapukhz;L mwpf;ifapy; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. “1990 k; Mz;Lf;Fg; gpd; ele;j Aj;jq;fs; midj;JNk cs;ehl;L Aj;jq;fs;jhd;. nfh^ukhd ,e;j Aj;jq;fs; Rkhu; 50 yl;rk; capu; fisg; gwpj;Js;sd. kf;fspd; cupikfis mit kPwpa msTf;F Njrq;fspd; vy;iyfs; kPwg;gltpy;iy. kdpjNea kuGfs; tof;fk; Nghy; kpjpgl;L tUfpd;wd. nghJkf;fSk;> cjtp FOf;fSk; Nfe;jpukhd ,yf;Ffshf khwptpl;ld. mit> rpWtu;fisf; $l nfhiyfhuu;fshf khw;wp tpl;ld” vd;W me;j mwpf;if $WfpwJ.

nrhe;j ehl;by; mfjpfs;

cs;ehl;L Fog;gq;fshy; mfjpfsha; miyAk; kf;fspd; vz;zpf;if 2.7 Nfhbiaj; jhz;btpl;lJ vd;W I.eh. mfjpfs; Mizau; mYtyfk; tpLj;j mwpf;if $WfpwJ. 2009k; Mz;by; cs;ehl;by; ,lk; ngau;e;j kf;fspd; vz;zpf;if 4 tpOf;fhL cau;e;jjhy; 2.71 Nfhbia vl;bAs;sJ. fle;j Mz;by; ghfp];jhd;> Nrhkhypah> Mg;fhdp];jhd;> fhq;Nfh FbauR ehLfspy; ,lk; ngau;e;j kf;fspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfupj;Js;sjhy; ,e;j cau;T Vw;gl;l jhf I.eh. Rl;bf;fhl;LfpwJ.

,yq;ifapy; tpLjiyg;GypfSld; ele;j ,d Nkhjyhy; ,lk; ngau;e;j kf;fspd; vz;zpf;ifAk; ,tw;wpy; mlq;Fk;. ,];Nuy; elj;jp tUk; jhf;Fjyhy; ghy];jPdj;Jf; Fs;NsNa ,lk; ngau;e;Js;s kf;fspd; vz;zpf;ifAk; ,jpy; mlf;fk;. R+lhdpy; lhgu; gFjp> mnkupf;f Mf;fpukpg;ghy; ,lk; ngau;e;Js;s ,uhf; kf;fisAk; ,g;Gs;sp tptuk; cs;slf;fpAs;sJ.

,e;jpa mfjpfs;

ngUk; td;Kiw> cs;ehl;Lg;Nghu; kw;Wk; muR td;Kiw Mfpatw;why; mr;RWj;jg;gl;L ,lk; ngau;e;Js;s kf;fspd; vz;zpf;if kl;LNk I.eh. Gs;sptptuq;fspy; ,lk; ngWfpd;wd. ,e;jpa ehl;by; kjk;> nkhop> ef;ry; td;Kiw kw;Wk; njhopy; kak; Mfpatw;why; ,lk; ngaUk; kf;fisg; gw;wp NghJkhd Fwpg;GfSk; Gs;sp tptuq;fSk; I.eh. mwpf;ifapy; ,lk; ngwtpy;iy.

,e;jpa ehl;L mfjpfs; vd;gJ 1947 f;Fg; gpd; Kjy;Kjyhf cUthdJ. fh\;kPupy; gz;bju;fs; vdg;gLk; ,e;J kjj;jtu;fs;> K];ypk; ngUk;ghd;ik kpf;f fh\;kPu; gs;sj;jhf;Ffspy; ,Ue;J K];ypk; kj mbg;gilthjpfshy; td;Kiwahy; ntspNaw;wg;gl;ltu;fs;> 2007k; Mz;ila rpIV mwpf;if jUk; Gs;sp tptuq;fspd;gb ,e;jpahtpy; 6 yl;rk; cs;ehl;L mfjpfs; cs;sdu;. mtu;fspy; 50 tpOf;fhl;bdu; fh\;kPu; gz;bl;Lfshtu;. ,tu;fs; [k;K kw;Wk; gQ;rhg; gFjpfspy; FbNawpAs;sdu;. ,tu;fs; jhd; Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; cs;ehl;L mfjpfs; Mtu;.

kj mbg;gilthjpfshy; kpul;lg;gl;L> capUf;Fg; gae;J nrhe;j tPL thry;> epyGyd;fis ,oe;J> fhLfspd; tdq;fspy; Kfhk;fspy; thOk; vz;zpf;if F[uhj;jpYk; xuprhtpYk; mjpfkhFk;. Nfhj;uh fytuj;Jf;Fg; gpd; F[uhj;jpy; K];ypk;fs; ,uz;lhk;juf; Fbkf;fshf khw;wg; gl;Ls;sdu;. tPLfis tpl;L> epyq;fis tpl;L> njhopy;fis tpl;L ntspNawpa K];ypk;fs; ,d;Wk; F[uhj; jpUk;g kWf;fpd;wdu;. mtu;fSila nrhe;j tPLfSk; epyq;fSk; kj mbg;gilthjpfspd; iffspy; cs;sd.

xuprhtpy; fhe;jkhy; khtl;lj;jpy; elj;jg;gl;l kjf; fytuq;fs; ,d;Wk; kjr;rhu;gw;wtu;fspd; kdq;fspy; Mwhj tLf;fshf cs;sd. mfjpfs; Kfhk;fspy; jq;fp cs;s> tPLfisAk; epyq;fisAk; ,oe;j fpwp];jtu;fs; Kfhk;fspNyNa kpul;lg;gLfpd;wdu;. mq;F mtu;fSf;F Njitahd ghJfhg;ig fhty;Jiw mspf;ftpy;iy. nrhe;j tPLfSf;F jpUk;Gk;gb muR tpLj;j miog;ig Vw;W jpUk;gpa kf;fs; kPz;Lk; tdq;fSf;Fk; Kfhk;fSf;Fk; nrd;W tpl;ldu;. nrhe;jtPLk; epyKk; Ntz;Lnkd;why;> kPz;Lk; ,e;Jthf khWk;gb kpul;lg;gLfpd;wdu;.

tlfpof;Fg; gFjpfspy; Rahl;rp> gpuptpid Mfpatw;why; elj;jg;gl;L tUk; td;KiwAk; fytuq;fSk; ngUk; gpur;ridahf khwp cs;sJ. ehfh gpur;ridahy; kzpg;G+u; jtpf;fpwJ. $u;f;fhyhe;J gpur;ridahy; lhu;[pypq; gupjtpf;fpwJ. ,q;nfy;yhk; kf;fs;> gpuptpidthjpfspd; mr;RWj;jYf;F mQ;rp ,lk;ngau;fpwhu;fs;.

muRfspd; Jiz uhZtq;fSk;> fhty;JiwAk; rpwg;G MAjr; rl;lq;fs; %yk; kf;fis mr;RWj;jp tUfpd;wd. ve;j NeuKk; ifJ nra;ag;glyhk; vd;W mQ;rp> Mz;fs; tdq;fSf;Fs; XbtpLtjhy; tapw;Wg; gpiog;Gf;fhf ngz;fs; tpgr;rhuj;Jf;F js;sg;gLfpd;wdu;.

Nkw;Ftq;fk;> gPfhu;> rj;jP];fu;> xuprh> Me;jpuh kw;Wk; kfhuh\;buhtpd; rpy khtl;lq;fs; Mfpatw;wpy; khNthap];l;Lfspd; kpul;ly;> td;Kiw> gzk;gpLq;fy; Mfpatw;Wf;Fg; gae;J kf;fs; ,lk; ngau;tJ xUGwk;. kf;fisg; ghJfhg;gjhff; $wptUk; muRg; gilfspd; mr;RWj;jYf;Fk; mlhtbj;jdj;Jf;Fk; mQ;rpAk; kf;fs; ,lk; ngau;fpwhu;fs;.

,aw;if tsq;fis Ruz;Ltjhy; kf;fs; ,lk; ngau Ntz;ba fl;lhak; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. xuprhtpy; Ngh];Nfh Miyia vjpu;j;J kf;fs; elj;Jk; Nghuhl;lk; jPukhdjhFk;. Rkhu; 4 Mapuk; Vf;fu; epyq;fspy; tho;e;J> tptrhak; kw;Wk; njhopy; nra;JtUk; kf;fs; fl;lhakhf ntspNaw;wg;gLk; mghak; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. ,ij vjpu;j;J kf;fs; Nghuhb tUfpwhu;fs;.

mdpy; mfu;thypd; Ntjhe;jh upNrhu;r]; epWtdk; kw;nwhU cjhuzkhFk;. ,jDila kdpj cupik kPwy;fisf; fz;bj;J gpupl;b\; jpUr;rig cs;spl;l rpy gpupl;b\; epWtdq;fs; jq;fsJ KjyPl;ilj; jpUk;gg; ngw;Ws;sd. ,J gpupl;ldpy; gjpT nra;ag;gl;l epWtdkhFk;. ,q;Fk; Mapuf;fzf;fhd kf;fs; fl;lhakhf ntspNaw;wg;glTs;sdu;. td cupikr; rl;lk; eilKiwf;F tuhjjhy; gy khepyq;fspy; goq;Fb kf;fs; tdq;fis tpl;L ntspNaw;wg;gLfpd;wdu;.

,j;Jld; jw;NghJ gUtepiy khw;w mfjpfSk; ,ize;Js;sdu;. jkpofj;jpy; ,uAkd; Jiw> Nkw;Ftq;fj;jpy; Re;jutdj;jPTfs; gUtepiy khw;wj;Jf;Fs;shfp ePupy; %o;fptUfpd;wd. ,J Nghd;w mghak; ,d;Dk; mjpf khFk; Mgj;J cs;sJ.

jPu;Tfs; vd;d?

,e;jpa murpay; rl;lk; cs;ehl;L mfjpfs; gw;wp vJTk; $wtpy;iy vd;gJ ftiyf;Fupa tp\akhFk;. mfjpfspd; cupikfs; gw;wp muR mjpfhupfSf;F NghJkhd Gupjy; ,y;iy. cs;ehl;L mfjpfSf;F ru;tNjr epthuz cjtpfs; fpilg;gjpy; rpukq;fs; cs;sd. cs;ehl;L mfjpfis mq;fPfupf;f kWf;Fk; muRfspd; topahfj;jhd; ru;tNjr cjtpfs; fpilf;f KbAk;. muR> ru;tNjr cjtpfis Vw;f kWf;fpwJ. ‘vy;iyaw;w kUe;Jfs;’ kw;Wk; ru;tNjr nrQ;rpYitr; rq;fk; Nghd;wit rpy cjtpfisr; nra;J tUfpd;wd.

muR mjpfhupfspd; fUizaw;w kdg;ghd;ikahy; ef;riyl;Lfshy; tpul;lg;gl;L Me;jpuhtpy; FbNawpa rj;jP];fu; kf;fs;> fl;lhakhf Me;jpu muR mjpfhupfshy; kPz;Lk; rj;jP];fUf;Fs; tpul;lg;gl;ldu;. rj;jP];fu; epiyikia ehl;bd; ftiyf;Fupa tp\ak; vd;W Njrpa Foe;ijfs; cupik ghJfhg;Gf; FO $wpAs;sJ.

,e;jpa murplk; cs;ehl;L mfjpfs; Fwpj;j Njrpa nfhs;if ,y;iy vd;gJ ftiyg;gl Ntz;banjhd;whFk;. cs;ehl;L mfjpfs; eyd;fSf; nfd;W jdp mikr;rfk; mikf;fg; glNtz;Lk;. cs;ehl;L mfjpfs; elj;jg;gl Ntz;ba Kiw> mtu;fSf;F mspf;f Ntz;ba trjpfs;> mtu;fSila cupikfs; kw;Wk; mtu;fSf;F nrhe;j CUf;F jpUk;Gk; R+o;epiyia Vw;gLj;jy; Fwpj;j rl;lq;fs; ,aw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;. tpjp Kiwfs; tFf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;> mit nrayhw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;> mJTk; fz; fhzpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.