Gj;jsk; - kd;dhu; ghij jpwg;G

Gj;jsk; - kd;dhu; fiuNahug;ghij xU gz;ila ghijahFk;. tpy;gj;J ruzhyhk; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l gpd;du; ,g;ghij %lg;gl;lJ. cs;ehl;Lg; Nghu; ntbj;j gpd;du; Kw;whfNt ,g;ghij kdpj elkhl;lj;Jf;F jil tpjpf;fg;gl;lJ. 1990 ,y; kd;dhu; Kryp gpuNjr kf;fs; Gypfshy; tpul;babf;fg;gl;l NghJ mtu;fs;> ,g;ghij %lg;gl;bUe;jjhy;> jiyiar; Rw;wp %f;ifj; njhLtijg; Nghy;> Gj;jsj;Jf;F tUtjw;fhf KUq;fd;> kjthr;rp> mEuhjGuk; topahf fy;gpl;biaAk; Gj;jsj;ijAk; te;jila Neupl;lJ.

ngUk; my;yy; mtyq;fSf;F kj;jpapy; ,tu;fs; ,g; ngUe; J}uj;ijf; fle;J Gj;jsj;Jf;F te;J Nru;e;jdu;. Aj;jk; Kbtile;j epiyapy; jw;NghJ Gj;jsj;Jf;Fk; kd;dhUf;Fk; ,ilapyhd ,g;gioa ghijia nrg;gdpl;L ,g;NghJ jpwe;jpUf;fpwhu;fs;. ,ytd;Fsk;> kwpr;Rf;fl;bA+lhf ,g;ghij kd;dhiur; nrd;wilfpwJ.

nghd;gug;gpA+lhf gazk;

,g;ghij kPz;Lk; jpwf;fg;gl;lijaLj;J fle;j [dtup 24k; jpfjp mikr;ru; up\hj; gjpAjPd; jiyikapy; Vuhskhd thfdq;fs; njhluzpahf ,g;ghijA+lhf kd;dhu; tiu gazpj;jd. gpujk mjpjpahff; fye;J nfhz;l ehky; uh[gf;\> tlkhfhz MSeu; [p.V.re;jpurpwp> Kd;dhs; gpujp mikr;ru; Nf.V.ghap];> tz;zj;jptpy;Y> fy;gpl;b gpuNjr rigfspd; jiytu;fshd mrd; nea;dh kiuf;fhu;> NrF myhTjPd;> cyf tq;fp mjpfhup v];.vk;. ah]pd;> kd;dhu; khtl;l [k;kpaj;Jy; cykh rigj; jiytu; nksytp v];.vk;.vk;.[{idj; MfpNahu; ,g;gtdpapy; ,ize;J nfhz;ldu;.

,g;gazk; Gj;jsk; jpy;iyabapy; Muk;gkhdJ. Clftpayhsu;fSk; ,jpy; fye;J nfhz;ldu;. fy;gpl;b Myq;Flhtpy; fle;j brk;gu; khjk; 26k; jpfjp eilngw;w m.,.K. fhq;fpu]; kd;dhu; khtl;l khehl;by; fye;J nfhz;l [dhjpgjp> ,g;ghij jpwf;fg;gLk; vd mwptpj;jijaLj;Nj %lg;gl;l ghij jpwf;fg;gLtjw;fhd Ntiyfs; Ntfk; ngw;wd. Kjypy; Ntg;gkL K];ypk; tpj;jpahyaj;jpy; xU tuNtw;G eilngw;wJ. mijj; jhz;bdhy; ,];khapy;Guj;jpy; ehlhntl;lg;gl;L ghij jpwg;G itgtk; ele;NjwpaJ. ,ytd;Fsj;jpy; jhd; tpy;gj;J tdj;jpd; vy;iy fhzg;gLfpwJ.

fhyXah Mw;wpd; FWf;Nf mikf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; rWf;fp ghyj;jpd; topahff; fle;J thfdq;fs; mf;fiuia mile;jd. ,t;nty;iyiaj; jhz;br; nry;tjw;F 1902k; Mz;bd; gpd;du; vtUf;Fk; mDkjp toq;fg;gltpy;iy. mg;gbr; nry;tJ jz;lidf;Fupa Fw;wk;. kPwp Ntl;ilahl nrd;Nwhu; khl;bf; nfhz;ldu;. mNjNtis fhtyhspfspd; Gupe;Jzu;T mbg;gilapYk;> gzk; Kjyhdtw;iwf; nfhLj;Jk; Gj;jsj;jpypUe;J mf;fiuapYs;s kwpr;Rf;fl;bf;F njq;Fg; nghUl;fisf; nfhz;L nry;tJk;> mq;fpUe;J khL Kjyhd fhy;eilfis Gj;jsj;Jf;Ff; nfhz;L tUk; tpahghuq;fSk; eilngw;Nw te;Js;sd.

J}a Njd; tiffSk;> ,iwr;rp tiffSk; ,t;thW tUtJz;L. Mdhy; 1985.05.15k; jpfjp ruzhyaj;jpDs; gJq;fpapUe;j Gypfs; mjpfhiyapy; ,ytd;Fsj;jpy; toikNghy jupj;J itf;fg;gl;bUe;j ,.Ngh.r. g]; tz;biaf; flj;jp mjpy; ,Ue;j Copau;fisf; nfhiy nra;Jtpl;L. mEuhjGuj;ijj; jhf;fpa rk;gtj;ijaLj;J tdj;jpD}lhd kiwKfg; gazq;fSk; Kw;whfj; jil nra;ag;gl;lJ. mt;tplj;jpy; ,uhZt KfhKk; cldbahf epWtg;gl;lJ. ,uhZtj;jpd; mDkjpAld; Nfhil fhyj;jpy; ePuhb tu kl;Lk; kf;fSf;F mDkjp toq;fg;gl;lJ.

jw;NghJ Nghf;Ftuj;ij ,yFgLj;Jk; tz;zk; Rkhu; 108 tUlq;fspd; gpd;du; fle;j [dtup 24k; jpfjp Kjy; cj;jpNahfG+u;tkjhf ,g;ghij jpwe;J tplg;gl;lik xU rhjidAk;> tuyhw;Wg; gjpTkhFk;. ,k;kfpo;r;rpg; gazj;jpy;jhd; ehKk; ,ize;J nfhz;Nlhk;.

tpy;gj;J ruzhyak;

fhyXah Mw;wpd; mf;fiuia Kjw;wlitahf vl;bg; ghu;j;jJk; td[Ptuhrpfs; gw;wpa vz;zj;ij tpl gyE}w;whz;L fhykhf mg; G+kpapy; gtdpte;j tuyhw;W ehafu;fsJ Njhw;wq;fSk;> tuyhw;Wg; gjpTfSk;jhd; vk; kdf;fz; Kd; epoyhbd.

my;yp uhzpapd; Ml;rp> tp[adpd; gl;lj;J uhzpapd; tUif> tptrrha eltbf;iffs;> muhgpa tzpfu;fspd; nry;thf;F> Fjpiu kiy> rpyhgj;Jiwapy; ,e;jpa RopNahbfspd; Kj;Jf; Fspg;G> kwpr;Rf;fl;bapdupd; ahidg;gpbg;Gr; rhfrq;fs;> rg;Gkhy; Fkhua vd;Dk; nrz;gfg; ngUkhspd; aho;g;ghzj;Jf;fhd gilefu;T> fiuj;jPT tuftp NrF myhTjPd; FLk;gj;Jld; Fjpiu kiyf;fhd gazKk; ghba rpe;Jf;fSk; vd thrpj;jwpe;j> Nfl;lwpe;j rk;gtq;fNs epidtpy; te;J te;J nrd;wd.

,t;tdruzhyaj;Jf;F tlf;Nf ePu;gha;r;Rk; mUtp> MW> rpyhgj;Jiw> Fjpiukiy> mupg;G> Gfo;ngw;w khNjhl;lk; JiwKfk; (kd;dhu;) Kjypa tuyhw;W rpwg;G kpf;f ,lq;fs; mike;Js;sd. ,q;Nf nghd;gug;gp MW vd miof;fg;gLk; fhyXa ejp> Nkhjufk; ejp> mUtp MW cs;spl;l ,e;j neba rkntspg;gpu Njrk; tptrhak; nropj;Njhq;fpa gpuNjrk;.

mjdhy;jhd; ,g;gpuNjrk; ‘nghw;rkntsp’ vd;Wk; nghd; jhdpaG+kp vd;Wk; miof;fg;gl;L te;Js;sJ. ,q;Nf ney;Yw;gj;jp rpwg;Gw;wpUf;Fk; vd;gjw;Fr; rhd;whf> ehk; fhyXa Mw;iwf; fle;J mf;fiuapy; gpuNtrpj;j NghJ mq;F mlu;e;j fhl;ilf; fhz;gjw;F gjpyhf gRikahd neba rkntspiaNa fz;Nlhk;.

J}uj;jpYk;> ,ilapilNaAk; fhLfisf; fz;Nlhk;> gha;e;J nry;Yk; khd;fisAk;> Njhif tpupj;jhLk; kapy;fisAk;> nfhg;Gj; jhTk; Fuq;fpdq;fisAk; fz;Nlhk;. ,e;j tpy;gj;J vd;w ngaUf;Nfw;g gy tpy; (ePu;j;Njf;fk;) fisAk; fz;Nlhk;. nrk;kz; fye;j Gjpa ghijahf ,Ue;jjhy; thfdj; njhluzp fpsg;gptpl;l GOjp thfdq;fSf;Fj; njhy;iyahfTkpUe;jij kWg;gjw;fpy;iy.

jpwe;j l;uf;Ffspy; gazpj;jtu;fs; GOjpapy; Fspj;jpUe;jdu;. ,g;G+kp ngUk;ghYk; nrk;kz; fye;j G+kp. Nguhrpupau; f.rpw;wk;gyk; jdJ ‘gz;il <oj;jpy; jkpou;- xU gd;Kfg; ghu;it vd;w E}ypy; epyg;gFjp ‘nghd;gug;gpg;gw;W’ vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;whu;.

,t;tofpa ngau; rpq;fsj;jpy; ‘nghk;gupg;G’ vdr; rpijj;J toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. Gj;jsk; kf;fisg; nghWj;j tiuapy; fyhXa vdg; ngau; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ejpNa ‘nghd;gug;gp’ - mg;gbNa miof;fTk; nra;fpd;wdu;. nghd;dpw> rpte;j kz; gue;J fhzg;gLtjhy; nghd;gug;gp vd;w ngau; te;jJ.

fyhXa ejpf;fiuapYk;> ,e;jpahtpd; Mjpr;r ey;Y}upYk; epfo;e;j mfo;tha;tpd; NghJ fpilj;j njhy;ypay; vr;rq;fs; xj;Jf; fhzg;gLtjhy; <oj;jpd; Mjpf;Fb Naw;wthrpfspy; xU gFjpapdu; ,g;gFjpapUe;Nj ,q;F te;jpUf;fyhk;. nrg;G epwk; vd;w fUj;J jhkpuguzp (MW) f;Fg; nghUe;Jk; vd;Wk; jk;gghdp> jk;ggd;dp vd;wiof;fg;gLtJk; nghd;gug;gpg; gFjpNa vd;ghu;.

Gj;jsj;Jf; fiuapy; fiunahJq;fpa tp[aDk; Njhou;fSk; tpbe;J ghu;j;jNghJ mtu;fsJ fuq;fspy; rpte;jkz; xl;bapUe;jijf; fz;ljhy; ,g;gpuNjrk; jk;ggd;dp vdg;gLtjhfTk; $wg;gLfpwJ. gRik epiwe;j neba ,r;rk ntspapy;jhd; Kw;fhyj;jpy; my;yp uhzpapd; MSiff;Fl;gl;l kf;fSk; tp[adpd; Njhou;fSk;> tptrha eltbf;iffspy; <Lgl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

Fjpiukiy> rpyhgj;Jiw Kjyhd JiwKfg; gFjpfspy; FbNawpa muhgpau;> ,e;jpau;> rPdu;> fpNuf;fu;> Nuhku; Kjyhd ntspehl;ltu;fSk; ,tu;fspd; tptrha cw;gj;jpfisAk; nfhs;tdT nra;jpUf;ff; $Lk;. ,g;gpuNjrj;jpy; ngUksT tptrhak; eilngw;wJ vd;gjw;Fr; rhd;whf mUtp Mw;Wf;Ff; FWf;fhfTk;> nghd;gug;gp (fyhXa) Mw;Wf;Ff; FWf;fhfTk; fl;lg;gl;bU e;j kpfg; Guhjd rpijtile;j epiyapyhd mizf;fl;Lf;fspd; jlaq;fs; ,d;Wk; njd;gLfpd;wd vd Ma;Tfs; $Wfpd;wd.

‘njd; fly; Kj;Jk; Fz

fly; JfpYk;

fq;ifthupAk; fhtpupg; gaDk;

<oj;JzTk;

fhofj;J Mf;fKk; mupaTk;

ngupaTk; neupa

<z;b tse;jiy kaq;fpa

ede;jiy kWf’

(gl;bdg; ghiy- 185- 195)

vd;W tUk; rq;fj; jkpo;r; nra;As; %yk; jkpo; ehl;Lj; Jiwf;F te;jpwq;fpa nghUl;gz;lq; fspd; tupirapy; ,yq;ifapypUe;J czT tif nrd;wpUg;gijf; fhzyhk;.

,e;j tifapy; jkpofj;J f;F kpf maypYs;s nggd;gug;gp gpuNjrj;jpypUe;Nj Fjpiukiy> khNjhl;lk; (kd;dhu;) JiwKfq;fs; Clhf new;whdpaKk;> gpwTk; Vw;WkjpahfpapUf;fyhk;.

13k; E}w;whz;lstpy; mEuhjGu uh[jhdp kPJ mbf;fb epfo;j;jg; gl;l njd;dpe;jpa gilnaLg;G fshy;> ghJfhg;gpd; epkpj;jk; jkJ Ml;rpgPlq;fis njw;F Nehf;fp rpq;fs kd;du;fs; efu;j;jpa NghJ> nghJ kf;fSk; jj;jk; ,Ug;gplq;fisAk; tptrha epyq;fisAk; iftpl;Lg; Gyk; ngau;e;jdu;.

gilnaLg;Gfspdhy; tptrha epyq;fSk; mopTf;Fs; shfpd. gy jrhg;jq;fshff; iftplg;gl;ljhy; Fsq;fSk;> ePu;g;ghrd fhy;tha;fSk; $l J}u;e;JNghapd. tptrha epyq;fs; fhLfshapd.

,e;j tifapNyNa ehk; gazpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j tpy;gj;J tdg;gFjpAk; Mq;fpNyNa Ml;rpahsu;fshy; ruzhya khf;fg;gl;lJ.

vkJ gazg; ghijapy; ,uhZt tPuu;fs; ,ilf;fpil fhty; epw;gijAk;> gupNrhjidj; jupg;gplq;fisAk;> tpy;fs; gytw;iwAk; fhz Kbe;jJ. vkJ thfdq;fs; Ks;spf;Fsk;> gd;Fsk; Kjyhd ,lq;fisj; jhz;b J}rpg;glyj;Jld; gazpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. tuyhw;Wg;gjpTk; njhlu;e;jJ.

tp[a kd;dd; jdJ Kjy; kidtp FNtdpiaf; iftpl;L gl;lj;J uhzpahf;f ghz;ba kd;dd; kfs; tp[hapia kz Kbj;jpl Jzpe;j NghJ> mtSk; vOE}W NjhopaUlDk;> gupthuq;fSlDk; khNjhl;lj; Jiwapy; te;jpwq;fp ,g;ghij topahfg; gazpj;Nj tp[adpd; jiyefu; Gj;jsk; jk;ggd;idia mile;jhshk;. ,J eilngw;wJ Rkhu; 2500 Mz;fSf;F Kd;du;. ,g;gupthuk; cUty topahf te;jjhfTk; ek;gg;gLfpwJ.

‘.. fp.gp. 1450 y; jdJ tsu;g;G Gj;jpuDk;> NrdhjpgjpAkhd rg;Gkhy; Fkhuah (nrz;gfg; ngUkhs;) vd;ghid Nfhl;il kd;dd; Mwhk; guhf;fpukghF ngUk; gilAld; aho;g;ghzj;ijf; ifg;gw;w mDg;gpdhd;. ‘Nfhfpy re;Njr’ vd;w E}ypy; ,g;gil efu;j;jy; Nfhl;ilapypUe;J Nkw;Ff; fiuNahukhf Gj;jsk; – G+efup fiug;ghij topNajhd; epfo;e;jJ....’ vd;W $Wtjhf ‘<oj;jtu; tuyhW’ E}y; gf;fk; 84y; tpgupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,g;NghJ ehKk; mg;ghij topNa gazpj;Njhk;.

,g;NghJ vkJ thfdk; Nkhjufk Mw;iwf; fle;J ruzhayj;jpd; tlGw vy;iyiaj; jhz;b kd;dhu; khtl;l kwpr;rpf;fl;b fpuhk vy;iyia fhyXah (nghd;gug;gp)tpypUe;J Nkhjufk; Mw;iwaila Mf 36 fp.kP. J}uj;ijNa flf;f Ntz;bapUe;jJ. Mf 90 epkplq;fNs vLj;jd. ,g;ghij mgptpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;l gpd;G NkYk; Neuk; FiwAk;. xU E}w;whz;bd; Kd; Mq;fpNyau; tdtpyq;FfSf;F ed;ik nra;tjhf vz;zp Gj;jsk;> kd;dhu; kf;fspd; neUf;fkhd njhlu;Gfis kl;Lkd;wp fyhrhuk;> tu;j;jfj; njhlu;GfisAk; Jz;bj;J tpl;ldu;. Kd;du; kwpr;rpf; fl;biaaila Gj;jsj;jpy; ,Ue;J Rkhu; 180 fp.kP. gazpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,g;NghJ 66 fp.kP.fNs gazpj;Njhk;. kd;dhiuaila 105 fp.kPl;lu;fs;. %d;W kzp Neug; gazk;jhd;.

kwpr;rpf;fl;biaaile;jJk; ghy kur;Nrhiyfspd; kj;jpapNy gRikapYk; gRikahd Fspu;r;rpahd neba Gy;ntspg; gpuNjrk; vk;ik vjpu;nfhz;lJ. jpj;jpf;Fk; kQ;rs; epw ghygoq;fspd; Rit ehtpy; ckpo; ePiu tutioj;jJ. ,Ue;Jk; vd;d? Gj;jsk; kd;dhu; tPjpapy; 4k; fl;ilapy; mike;Js;s Ntg;gkLtpy; kf;fs; tho;e;jjw;fhd xNu jlak; ,q;Nf fhL kz;bf; fhzg;gLk; k];[pj; khj;jpuNk. ez;gu; fiythjp fyPy; ,q;F ehd;fhz;L fhyk; Mrpupauhfg; gzpahw;Wifapy; k];[pJf;fhd tiuglj;ij tiue;J mg;gzp KOikngWk; tiu gzpahw;wpAs;shu;. mUfpy; rpwpa gil Kfhk;> tPjpf;F mg;ghy; tpy; vdg;gLk; ePu;j;Njf;fk; kwpr;rpf;fl;b vd;wJk; ahid gpbj;jy; tuyhWk; epidtpy; te;jJ> gil tPuuplk; Fjpiukiy gw;wp tpdtpa NghJ ,q;fpUe;J Nkw;Nf MW fp.kP. gazpf;f Ntz;Lnkd;whu;.

rw;W J}uk; tlf;Nf gazpj;j NghJ tw;wpa xU Mw;Wg; gLf;ifapy; Mq;fhq;Nf Fopfspy; jz;zPu; Njq;fpf; fplf;ff; fz;Nlhk;. xU Kjpatuplk; tprhupj;j NghJ mJ fy;yhW vdj; njupe;jJ. mLj;jjhf nfhf;Fg;gilahd; jkpo; fpuhkj;ijaile;Njhk;. kf;fs; thOk; KjyhtJ fpuhkkhf mJ fhzg;gl;lJ. mq;Nf up\hj; gjpAjPDf;Fk; FOtpdUf;Fk; mk;kf;fshy; tuNtw;gspf;fg;gl;lJ. mf;fpuhkj;Jf;F mtu; 90 ,yl;rk; Ugh nrytpy; kpd;rhu ,izg;ig toq;fpapUe;jhu;. vjpNuapUe;j xU fl;lj;ijf; fhz;gpj;j rpyu; ,J Kd;G Gypfspd; fhupahyak; vd;wdu;. tptrhak; nropj;jpUe;jJ. kPs; FbNaw;wg;gl;bUe;j rpy jkpo; FLk;gq;fSk; jfuj;jhyhd jw;fhypf Fbirfspy; fhzg;gl;ldu;.

gpw;gfy; 3.30 kzpastpy; K];ypk;fs; thOk; tuyhw;Wg; Gfo;kpf;f rpyhgj;Jiwf; fpuhkj;ij mile;Njhk;. ghlrhiy tsTf;fUfhikapy; jfuj;jhyhd jw;fhypff; Fbirfspy; K];ypk; FLk;gq;fisf; fhz Kbe;jJ. GypfSf;nfjpuhd gil eltbf;if fle;j 01.09.2007y; ,q;fpUe;Jjhd; Muk;gkhdJ vd;gJk;> mJ ntw;wp nfhs;sg;gl;gpd; tlf;fpd; tre;jk; mgptpUj;jpg; gzpfSk; fle;j 30.04.2009y; tlf;fpd; tre;jk; nrayzpj; jiytu; ngrpy; uh[gf;\ mtu;fshy; rpyhgj;Jiw G+kpapNyNa Muk;gpj;J itf;fg;gl;lJ vd;gJk; FWg;gplj;jf;fJ.

Kryp gpuNjrk; 288 rJu iky; gug;gpidAila tprhykhd nrayfg; gpupT. 25 fpuhkq;fisAila ,r;nrayg; gpuptpy; 21 fpuhkq;fspy; K];ypk;fs; tho;e;jdu;. ,UgJ Mz;Lfshff; fhLkz;bf; fplf;fpd;wJ. ,yFthd Gjpa ghijapd; topahf ,dp kPs; Fbaku;Tk;> mgptpUj;jpfSk; RWRWg;gilAk; vd ek;gyhk;.

khiyapy; ehk; jpUk;gp tUk; topapy; kwpr;rpf;fl;baUNf rw;W njhiytpy; kiyfs; Nghd;w Njhw;wj;jpy; ,UgJf;F Nkw;gl;l ahidfisf; fz;Nlhk;. Kjy; mDgtk; vd;gjhy; vkJ cly; tpiwj;J tpl;lJ. vdpDk; mit vk;ik fz;L nfhs;stpy;iy.