INuhg;gpa thd;ntspg; Nghf;Ftuj;ij Klf;fpa

I];yhe;jpd; vupkiyg; Gif %l;lk;

rp. n[aghujd;>  B.E. (hons), P.Eng (Nuclear),  fdlh

I];yhe;jpy; vOe;j vupkiyapd; Gif %l;lk;

2010 khu;r; khjk; 21k; jpfjp Rkhu; 190 Mz;Lfsha; %bf;nfhz;bUe;j I];yhe;jpd; mah-Gy;yha;N`hFy; vupkiy tha; jpwe;J jPg;nghwpfis tPrp vwpaj; njhlq;fpaJ. me;j vupkiyf; Fd;wpd; tha; gdpg;gbT NktpaJ. ntspNawpa fdw; ghiwf; Fok;G gdpr;rpfuj;ij cUf;fp xU gf;fk; ePu; MwhfTk;> jputg; ghiw nts;skhfTk; Xl Muk;gpj;jJ. vupkiyj; jPg;nghwpfs; ntspNaWk; NghJ fye;j ePuhtp Nkw;Gwk; Gif kz;lykha; tPrj; njhq;fpaJ. khu;r; 24y; I];yhe;J vupkiy kw;nwhU thia jpwe;J 980 mb cau (300kP) vupkiy ntbg;ig cz;lhf;fpaJ. Gjpa vupkiy tha;j; jpwg;G NkYk; kw;w vupkiy ,af;fq;fisj; J}z;b td tpyq;FfSf;F Mgj;ij tpistpf;Fk; vd;W G+jstpay; epGzu;fs; $Wfpd;wdu;.

,g;NghJ I];yhe;jpy; 35 %r;R tpLk; vupkiyfs; ,aq;fp tUfpd;wd. nrd;w vupkiy ntbg;G mNj kiy Kfl;Lg; gdpr; rpfuj;jpy; 1821 Mz;by; %z;nlOe;J Rkhu; ,uz;lhz;Lfs; fdw; Fok;igAk; Gif %l;lj;ijAk; nfhl;b ,Uf;fpwJ. Kjypy; jpwe;j I];yhe;J vupkiy 200 mb mfy thia cz;lhf;fpAs;sJ xU Nfhzj;jpy; vupkiy ePuhtpf; Fok;igg; ghu;j;jhy; Cw;Wg; Nghy; gPr;Rk; kQ;rs; ehlhitg; Nghy; xspf;fhl;rp mspf;fpwJ.

2010 khu;r; 21y; vupkiy thapypUe;J NgusT Gif %l;lk; fpsk;g Muk;gpj;J INuhg;gpa Mfha tpkhdg; Nghf;Ftuj;Jfis vjpu;ghuhjthW epWj;j Muk;gpj;jJ! ,k;Kiw I];yhe;jpy; vOe;j vupkiy ntbg;G vj;jid ehl;fs; ,d;Dk; ePbf;Fk; vd;W A+fpf;f ,ayhJ vd;W G+jstpay; epGzu;fs; $Wfpwhu;. vupkiyf; fhl;rpiaf; fhz Kjy; gj;J ehl;fspy; kl;Lk; Rkhu; 25>000 Rw;Wyh egu;fs; tp[ak; nra;jjhf mwpag;gLfpwJ.

G+u;tPfj;jpy; G+Nfhsk; cz;lhd tpe;ij

4.6 gpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd;Nd Kfpw;fdy; JZf;Ffs; Fspu;e;J Xuz;lkha; cUz;L jpuz;lJ ekJ G+Nfhsk;. mz;l ntspapy; tpz;fw;fs; Nkhjp mbj;jjhYk;> vOe;j fjpupaf;fj; Nja;TfshYk; mJ fdw; Fok;gha; MfpaJ. mjw;Fg; gpwFk; Fspu;e;J jpzpthd gpz;lk;> mbNa jq;fp mLf;fLf;fha; Njhy;fs; ftrkhf Nktp> 8000 iky; tpl;lj;jpy; ekJ G+Nfhsk; Njhd;wpaJ.

cs;Ns ,d;Dk; Fspu;e;J nfhz;L tUk; G+kp> cl;fUitf; fyf;fp ntg;gj; jputj;ij Nky;jsj;Jf;Fj; js;SfpwJ. ,e;j ntg;gr; Rw;Nwhl;lNk epyeLf;fq;fisAk;> vupkiyfisAk; cz;lhf;ff; fhuzkhfpwJ! `thap jPthd fpnysahtpy; ,t;tpjNk gy;yhapuk; Mz;Lfs; vupkiyfs; FKwp vOe;J> mjd; gug;G tpupe;J nfhz;Nl tUfpwJ.

Mjp fhyj;jpy; ehk; thOk; Gtpapd; jsq;fSk; flw; Fsq;fSk; ,t;tpjNk vupkiyfshy; cUthfp tpupe;jd vd;W xUthW Cfpf;fyhk;!

,aw;ifg; gOJfshy; mbf;fb Vw;gLk; G+fk;gq;fs;> vupkiyfs; gy;yhapuk; kf;fis rpy ehl;fSf;Fs; nfhd;W tpLfpd;wd! fle;j 500 Mz;Lfshf vupkiyf; FKwypy; 300>000 Nkw;gl;l khe;ju; khz;Ls;sjhf cyf tuyhWfs; %yk; mwpag; gLfpd;wJ! ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;by; Nkw;fpe;jpaj; jPtpy; cs;s ngyP rpfuk; nfhyk;gpahtpy; nethNlh nly; &]; vd;Dk; ,uz;L ,lq;fspy; Neu;e;j vupkiyfspy; 50>000 f;F Nkyhf khe;ju; capupoe;Js;sdu;! Mjyhy; gaq;fu vupkiyfspd; jpBu; vOr;rpfs;> mtw;wpd; Nghf;Ffs;> gpwF Xa;Tfs;> kPz;Lk; tUk; vOr;rpfs; ahTk; tpQ;Qhdpfshy; njhlu;e;J Nehf;fg;gl;L> mit kPz;Lk; jhf;f tUk; jUzq;fs; Kd;djhfNt kf;fSf;F vr;rupf;fg;gl Ntz;bait! “thd;ntspg; gazj;jpd; jtpg;G vd;dntd;why; vuprhk;gy; Gif %l;lj;jpy; vd;d er;Rj; JZf;Ffs; vjpu;g;gLk; vd;gij ehk; nrhy;y KbahJ! mg;NghJ jhd; vit ghjpg;git> vit ghJfhg;ghdit vd;W cWjpahff; $w KbAk;.

MfNt tpkhdg; gazj;ij epWj;jp midj;ijAk; jtpu;g;gNj Vw;GilajhFk;. Rkhu; 30>000 mb cauj;jpy; mupf;Fk; thAf;fs; vt;tpjk; jhWkhwha; efUk; vd;gJ ahUf;Fk; tpsf;fkhfj; njupahJ”

,Jtiu 38 iky; ePl;rpapy; vupkiy Kfl;Lf;Ff; fpof;Nf vuprhk;gy; gutpAs;sJ njspthfj; njupfpwJ. ntbg;Gf;F mUfpy; thOk; khe;jUf;F cly;eyf; NfLfs; tpisAk;. me;jg; gFjpf;F mg;ghy; kw;wtUf;Fg; NgusT cly;eyg; ghjpg;Gfs; NeUnkd;W ehd; fUjtpy;iy.

nghJthf Gif Kfpy; msTk; vt;tsT J}uk; vuprhk;gy; vwpag; gLfpwJ vd;gJNk vj;jid vilasT rhk;gy; Nru;e;Js;sJ> vq;F gbe;Js;sJ vd;gijj; njuptpf;Fk;.

vupkiyg; Gif %l;lj;jhy; Vw;gLk; cly; eyf; NfLfs; I];yhe;J jPtpy; kl;Lk; ,g;NghJ 35 vupkiyfs; jPtpukha; %r;R tpl;Lg; Gif Cjpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. jw;Nghija vupkiyg; Gif nghopT NgusT er;Rj; J}rp JZf;Ffis tPrpg; G+kpapy; thOk; capupdj;Jf;Fg; ngUq;NfL tpistpf;fpwJ.

INuhg;ghtpy; gutpa Gif %l;lj;jhy; cyf ehLfspd; Mfha tpkhdg; Nghf;Ftuj;Jfs; jilg;gl;L Mapuf;fzf;fhd gazpfs; jtpj;jhu;fs;. cyf cly;eyg; Nguit INuhg;ghtpy; trpf;Fk; kf;fs; jkJ tPl;Lf;Fs; mlq;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk;> vuprhk;gy; tpOk; NghJ %f;Ff; ftrk; mzpa Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; vr;rupf;if tpLj;Js;sJ.

tpQ;QhdpfSf;F vupkiyg; Gifr; rhk;gy; G+jstpay; Muha;r;rp nra;a cjTfpd;wJ. mjdpy; Ez;zpaf; fz;zhb kzy;> vupkiyf; Fok;G Fspu;e;J my;yJ ghiw ntbg;gpy; fpsk;gpa J}rp kz;lyk; fye;Js;sJ. mtw;iw kdpju; Rthrpg;gjhy; %f;F> njhz; ilapy; mupg;G Vw;gLk;.

fz;fspy; vupr;ry; cz;lhFk;. Ez;Jfs; fhw;Wf; Foha; topahf cs;Ns nrd;W Gg;Grq;fspy; jq;fp nfhz;L> M];j;kh> ePbj;j gpuhd;fpb];> vk;.gpkkh Nghd;w Rthr Neha;fisf; fLikahf;fp %r;R tpLtjpy; rpukj;ij cz;lhf;Ffpd;wd.

mLj;J> tPl;L tpyq;FfSf;F Mgj;Jf;fs; tpistpf;Fk;. gy;NtW tifg;gl;l vupkiyf; Fok;Gf;F Vw;g gy;tpjkhd ,urhad er;Rfs; ntspNaWfpd;wd. rpy tifg; Gif Kfpy;fspy; GNshupd; thA kpjg;Gfs; fpsk;Gk;. mit gbe;j Gy;iyj; jpd;Dk; NghJ nfhy;Yk; vYk;G Neha; GNsh Nuh]p]; tpyq;fpdj;ijf; jhf;Fk;.

jw;Nghija tuz;l I];yhe;J vupkiyg; Gif Kfpypy; Vuhskhd msT er;R %yf GNshupd; fye;Js;sJ. ,e;j vupkiy ntbg;G rpy khjq;fs; my;yJ rpy tUlq;fs; $l ePbf;fyhk; vd;W I];yhe;J tuyhw;iw mwpe;jtu;fs; $Wfpwhu;fs;. Gif %l;lj;jpy; rpwpjsT ]y;guhf; i]L thATk; fye;jpUf;fyhk; vd;Wk; fUjg;gLfpwJ. ]y;-gu; my;yJ mjd; mkpy ,Ug;igf; fhl;Lk; Kl;il ehw;wk; mbj;jhy; nghJ kf;fs; tPjpapy; cyTtijf; Fiwj;J tPl;Lf;Fs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W mwpTiu tpLtpf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ.

vupkiy ntbg;gpd; NghJ G+kpiar; Rw;wptUk; Jizf; Nfhs;fs; J}u cstpf; fUtpfs; %yk; Gif %l;lj;jpd; Nghf;ifg; glnkLj;jDg;Gk; fyg;Gj; JZf;Ffis Ma;e;J fhZk; Jizf; Nfhs;fs; %ykhf ,urhad Ma;Tr; Nrhjidfs; nra;jjpy; vuprhk;gYk;> R+o;ntsp thA kz;lyj;jpy; vt;tpjk; fye;J nfhs;fpd;wd ntd;Wk;> Gif Kfpypy; JZf;Ffs; ,Ug;G vj;jid ehl;fs; ePbf;Fnkd;Wk;> mwpa KbfpwJ.

mj;Jld; Gif Kfpypy; vg;gb ,urhad khWjy;fs; Vw;gLfpd;wd vd;gJ R+o;ntspf; fhyepiyiaf; fle;j fhyj;jpy; vt;tpjk; ghjpj;jJ vjpu;fhyj;jpy; vg;gbg; ghjpf;Fk; vd;wwpa tpQ;Qhdpfs; GupAk; fzdp khlYf;F cjTfpd;wJ.

vupkiyg; Gif %l;lk; thd; ntspg; Nghf;Ftuj;ij Klf;fpaJ. ehnshd;Wf;F INuhg;ghtpy; ,aq;Fk; 29>000 tpkhdg; Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;fspy; 10400 vz;zpf;if 5.3 iky; cauk; (8.5 fp.kP) (28000 mb) tiu Vwpa I];yhe;J vupkiy %l;lj;jpy; epWj;jk; mile;J gazpfs; gy ehl;fs; tpkhd epiyaj;jpy; jtpj;jdu;. INuhg;ghtpy; 16 mfpy ehl;L tpkhd jsq;fs; %lg;gl;ld.

mjdhy; tpkhdg; Nghf;Ftuj;J tzpfk; ehnshd;Wf;F 200 kpy;ypad; nlhyu; epjp tuit ,oe;jjhf mwpag;gLfpd;wJ. 2010 Vg;uy; 17y; Gif %l;lj;jpd; jpirkhwp jpzpTk; Fd;wp rpy tpkhdg; gazq;fs; njhlq;f Muk;gpj;jd. Gif Kfpypy; fpsk;Gk; ghiwr; rhk;gy;> fhz;zb kzy; tpkhdq;fspd; n[l; vQ;rpDf;Fs; GFe;J Jis fis milj;Jr; Row;jl;Lfspy; Xl;lj;ij epWj;jp tplyhk; vd;w mr;rk; tpkhd Xl;LeUf;F cz;lhfpwJ. ,jw;F Kd;G ,e;NjhNd]pah vupkiyg; Gif %l;lj;jpy; gwe;j xU tpkhdj;Jf;F vQ;rpd;fs; epWj;jk; mile;J njhy;iy nfhLj;Js;sJ.

vupkiyf; Fok;ghy; tpisAk; ngUe; jPikfs;

jpBnudg; Gif kz;lyk; vOe;J> ntbj;Jf; fdy; Mw;iwg; ngUf;Fk; vupkiy xU ehl;bd; R+o;ntsp> ePu;tsk;> epytsk;> fhyepiy> epjp tsk; Mfpatw;iw xNu rkaj;jpy; ngUj;j mstpy; ghjpf;f ty;yik ngw;wJ.

mj;Jld; vupkiy thAtpy; fzprkhf ntsptUk; ]y;gu;il ahf;irL> rpW JZf;Ffspy; tPrg; gLk; nku;Fup> Mu;n]dpf; er;Rfs; capupdq;fSf;Fk;> gapupdq;fSf;Fk; ePz;l fhy Neha; nehbfisj; jpzpg;gJld;> Kbtpy; kuzj;ij Ak; nfhLf;Fk; nfh^uKilaJ.

vupkiy ntbg;Gfs;

mz;ilapy; thOk; vz;zw;w kf;fisg; Gyk;ngau itf;Fk;. FbapUf;Fk; vz;zw;w tPLfis vupj;Njh> rhk;gyhy; %bNah ,y;yhky; nra;JtpLk;. vupkiy thAr; rpjwy;fs; Fok;Gf; fha;Tfs; ehl;bd; njhopw;rhiyfs;> Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;fs;> kpd;rhug; gupkhw;Wf; fk;gq;fs; Mfpatw;iw ehrkhf;fptpLk;.

`thapapd; gpujhd ,af;f vup kiyfs; nksd Nyhth> fpnysah Mfpa ,uz;Lk; njhlu;e;J ntspNaw;Wk; Fok;ghy; mghak; Neu;tJld; ePu;r; rpijT> epyr; rpijT> ngUj;j nghUs; el;lKk; Vw;gLfpd;wd! 1997 y; mnkupf;fg; Gtpapaw; gug;Gf; fz;fhzpg;Gj; Jiwafk; ntspapl;l vupkiy kw;Wk; epyeLf;f mghaq;fs; gpd;tUkhW:

1. vupkiyf; Fok;G MNwhl;lq;fshy; Vw;gLk; jP tpgj;Jfs;.

2. fhw;wpy; fyf;Fk; vupkiyj; JZf;Ffspd; rpjwy;fs;

3. vupkiyfs; ntspNaw;Wk; tp\ thAf;fs;.

4. ntbg;Gf; nfhg;Gspf;Fk; fw;rhk;gy; tPr;Rfs;.

5. G+jsg; gpsTfs;> gpsTg; gbTfs; cz;lhf;Fk; jPq;Ffs;.

6. vupkiyf; Fok;G Xbf; flypy; ghAk; NghJ vOk; ntbg;Gfs;.

vupkiy thAf; nfhg;Gspg;Gfspy; Kf;fpakhf ,Uf;Fk; tp\thAf;fs; ,uz;L; ]y;-gu;ilahf;irL> fhu;gd;ilahf;irL  [SO2, CO2] fpnysah vupkiy ehnshd;Wf;F 2000 ld; ]y;ghu;ilahf;irL>(SO2) %r;rupg;G thAit ntsp Naw;WfpwJ!

mjd; vilasitf; Fwpg;gpl;lhy;> Rkhu; 50 jpkpq;fpy vz;zpf;iff;F xg;gplyhk;! thAf; fspd; rjtPj msitr; Rthrpf;Fk; fhw;wpy; fhz> vupkiyf;F mUfpy; khjpup vLf;fr; nry;Yk; tpQ;Qhdpfs; ‘Rthrpg;Gf; ftrk;’ mzpahJ nrd;why; ,UkYk;> %r;rilg;Gk; kpFe;J rpy epkplq;fspy; kaf;fKw;W> mtuJ %r;R epd;W Ngha;tpLk;! mj;Jld; kpfr; rpwpjstpy; nfhba eQ;Rfshd nku;Fup> Mu;nrdpf; cNyhfq;fSk; ntspNaWfpd;wd!