epytpypUe;J nrt;tha; nrd;W kPSk; ehrhtpd; xupad; jpl;lk;

2020Mk; Mz;by; epyTf;F kPz;Lk; nry;Yk; ehrhtpd; jpl;lj;ij epWj;jp tpz;ntsp tpkhdpfs; Neuhfr; nrt; tha;f; NfhSf;Fg; gazk; nra;tJjhd; rupahd jpl;lk; vd;W 1969 Mz;by; epytpy; jlk;itj;j ,U tpz;gaz tpkhdpfs; g]; My;bupd;> ikf;Nfy; fhypd;]; MfpNahu; 2009 [{iy 20Mk; jpfjpapy; nfhz;lhba ehw;gjhz;L epiwT epyTj; jlk; itg;G ehsd;W mOj;jkhfr; nrhy;ypapUf;fpwhu;fs;.

Kd;dhs; [dhjpgjp N[hd; nfd; db Cf;Ftpj;J Kjd;Kjy; mnghy;Nyh-11 tpz; gaz tpkhdpfs; ePy; Mu;k;];Nuhq;> g]; My;bupd;> ikf;Nfy; fhypd;]; epyit Nehf;fpg; gazk; nra;J 1969 [{iy 20 Mk; jpfjp Kjy; jlkpl;Lg; ghJfhg;ghfg; G+kpf;F kPz;lhu;fs;.

jw;NghJ Mrpa ehLfs; [g;ghd;> irdh> ,e;jpah Mfpa %d;Wk; epyTf;Fg; gazk; nra;a Kide;J tUk;NghJ> mnkupf;fhtpd; mz;lntspj; NjLk; Fwpf;Nfhs; epyitj; jtpu;j;Jr; nrt;tha;f; Nfhshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W %tUk; [dhjpgjp Xghkhitr; re;jpj;J tw;GWj;jg; Nghtjhfj; njupfpwJ.

me;j %d;W tpz; gaz tpkhdpfs; ciuahw;wpa ,lk; : th\pq;ld; b.rp. Njrpa Mfha tpz;ntspf; fz;fhl;rp khspif mg;nghy;Nyh-11 jpl;lk; xU ngupa Njrj;jpy; thOk; cau;e;j Fbkf;fs; gilj;j xU rpd;dk;. mJ fbd ciog;G> $l;baf;fk;> tplhKaw;rp> cs;nshsp nfhz;l jiyik MSik Mfpatw;wpy; vOe;jJ.

nrt;tha;f; Nfhisj; NjLk; kdpj Kaw;rp xU $l;Liog;ghf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mnghy;Nyhj; jpl;lq;fspd; ntw;wpahsiu cz;ikahf kjpg;gJk; epidtpy; itg;gJk; ,g;gbj;jhd;. mjhtJ> mtiug; gpd;gw;wp mtuJ ghijapy; elg;gJ NkYk; Cf;fj;NjhL kPz;LNkhu; Gjpa Nfhisj; Njlg; NghtJ> ‘mLj;J ikf;Nfy; fhypd;]; $wpdhu;: ‘rpy rkaq; fspy; jtwhd Xuplj;Jf;Fg; gazk; nra;jjhf ehd; epidf;fpNwd;.

rpWtdhf ,Ue;j NghNj vdJ tpUg;gj; jsk; nrt; tha;f;NfhNs! ,g;NghJk; mNj tpUg;gk;jhd;. epyTf;F kWgbAk; Nght njd;Dk; ehrhtpd; jw;Nghija jpl;lk; vdf;F tUj;jk; jUfpwJ! mJ njhopw; nghwp EZf;f Kiwfspy; ek;ik Klf; fpg; gy;yhz;Lfshf Njitaw;w Kiw apy; nrt;tha;f; Nfhs; Njlypy; jhkjg; gLj;jg; NghfpwJ. nrt;tha;f; Nfhs;jhd; jf;fNjhu; Nkyhd gazf; Fwpg;gzpahf vdf;Fj; Njhd;WfpwJ.

ehrhtpd; jw;Nghija epyTg; gazj; jpl;lk;

2020Mk; Mz;Lf;Fs; ehrh tpz; gaz tpkhdpfis re;jpuDf;F mDg;gp 2025 Mk; Mz;Lf;Fs; re;jpu jsj;jpy; Xu; jq;Fkplj;ij mikf;fj; jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ. tpz;ntsp tpkhdpfs; me;j Xa;Tf; $lj;jpy; MW khjk; jq;f trjpfs; ,Uf;Fk;. me;j trjpfisg; gad;gLj;jp 2030Mk; Mz;Lf;Fs; nrt;tha;f; Nfhspy; jlk; itf;f KbT nra;jpUf;fpwJ.

nrt;tha;j; jpl;lj;Jf;Fj; jahuhf;fg;gLk; Vup];–1 uhf;nfl;Lk; Xupad; tpz;rpkpOk; 2010 ,y; epue;ju Xa;ntLf;Fk; tpz;ntsp kPs;fg;gy; fSf;Fg; gjpyhfg; G+kpiar; Rw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; mfpy ehl;L tpz;ntsp epiya tpkhdpfSf;F Ntz;ba Njitfis mDg;gp tUk;.

,g;NghJ mnghy;Nyh tpz; gaz tpkhdpfs; 2020 ,y; epyTf;Fg; NghFk; jpl;lj;ijj; jtpu;j;J Neuhfr; nrt;tha;f; NfhSf;Fr; nry;Yk; Kaw;rpapYk;> gapw;rpYk; Kida Ntz;Lk; vd;W ehrhitAk; mnkupf;f [dhjpgjp XghkhitAk; tw;GWj;Jfpd;whu;fs;. me;j MNyhridia Xu; jdpg;gl;l Ma;Tf; FO ,g;NghJ guprPyid nra;ag; NghfpwJ.

1960–1972 Mz;Lfspy; re;jpuDf;Fr; nrd;W kPSk; MW mnghy;Nyh jpl;lq;fs; gapw;rpf;Fs; cUthfp 12 mnkup f;f tpz;ntsp tpkhdpfs; epytpy; ele;J gy;NtW ngsjp fj; jstpay; Muha;r;rpfs; nra;jhu;.

,g;NghJ 2020 Mz; LfSf;Fs; kPz;Lk; epyTf;Fg; NghFk; ehrhtpd; ,uz; lhk; jpl;lj;Jf;F Mfg; NghFk; epjpr; nryT Rkhu; 100 gpy;ypad; nlhyu; (2009 ehza kjpg;G) jw;NghJ mfpy ehl;L tpz;ntsp epiya tpkhdpfSf;F czT> jz;zPu; kw;w rhjdq;fisf; nfhz;L nry;y tpz;ntsp kPs;fg;gy;fs; gad;gLfpd;wd.

mRu uhnfl;LfisAk; G+jfukhd kPs;fg; gy; clk;igAk; J}f;fpf;nfhz;L NghFk; tpz;ntspf; fhl;rpfs; 2010 Mz;Lf;Fg; gpwFf; fhzg;glh. 2015 Mz; Lf;Fs; Xupad; Kjw; gazk; mfpy ehl;L tpz;ntsp epiyaj;Jld; ,iza ehrh jpl;lkpLfpwJ. Gjpjhfg; gilf;fg;gLk; Vup];–1> Vup];–5 uhf;nfl;Lfs; ,U tpjkhd gzpfisr; nra;Ak;.

rpwpajhd Vup];–1 Xupad; tpz;ntspr; rpkpio kl;Lk; Rke;J nry;Yk; jFjp cilaJ. mJ G+jfukhd kPs;fg;gy; Nghy; nghjp Rkf;fhJ. tpz; ntsp tpkhdpfis kl;Lk; Rke;J nry;Yk;. ngUk; gSf; fisr; Rkf;f Vup];–5 uhf;nfl; Rik jhq;fp tpz; rpkp ioj; J}f;fpr; nry;Yk;.

Vup];–1 Jz;bj;J Kjypy; G+kp iar; Rw;wptUk; Xupad; tpz;rpkpo; ,uz;lhtJ nry;Yk; Vup];–5 Jz;bj;Jg; G+kpiar; Rw;Wk; Rikjhq;fpia ,izj;Jf;nfhz;L mfpy ehl;L tpz;ntsp epiyaj;ij neUq;fp ,ize;J nfhs;Sk;.

Vup]; uhf;nfl;Lfs; Xupad; tpz;rpkpo; GupAk; vjpu;fhyg; gzpfs;

1960–1972 Mz;Lfspy; re;jpuDf;Fg; gazk; nra;j mnghy;Nyh tpz;rpkpo;fspy; %d;W tpkhdpfs;jhd; mku;e;J nry;y KbAk;. mnghy;Nyh tpz;rpkpioj; J}f;fpr; nrd;w rdp–5 uhf;nfl; 363 mb cauk;> mNj rkaj;jpy; mnghy;Nyh tpz;rpkpiog; Nghy; fhzg;gLk; Xupad; tpz;rpkpo; mijg;Nghy; ,Uklq;F ngupaJ; ehd;F my;yJ MW tpkhdpfis Vw;wpr; nry;Yk; trjpAs;sJ. Xupad; G+kpiar; Rw;Wk; jFjp cilaJ. mJNghy; epyitr; Rw;Wk; jpwDk; nfhz;lJ.

mfpy ehl;L epiyaj;Jf;Fr; nry;y Xupad; MW tpkhdpfisr; Rke;J NghFk; trjp cilaJ. epyTf;Fg; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJ ehd;F tpkhdpfis Vw;wpr; nry;Yk; jFjpAs;sJ. Xupad; tpz;rpkpio Vw;wpr; nry;Yk; uhf;nfl; Vup];–1. Kjypy; Vtg;gLk; Vup];–1 uhf;nfl; Xupad; tpz;rpkpiog; G+kpapd; Rw;W tPjpapy; tpl;tpLk;.

mjpy; Rw;wp tUk; Xupad; gpwF mfpy ehl;L epiyaj;Jld; ,ize;J nfhs;Sk;. epyit Nehf;fp Xup ad; tpz;rpkpo; nry;y Ntz;b ,Ue;jhYk; Kjypy; G+kp apd; Rw;W tPjpapy; Xupad; Rw;wptu mtrpakhfpwJ. R+upa kpd;fyd;fs; Xupad; tpz;rpkpiog; ghij tOthJ gazk; nra;af; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.

mfpy ehl;L epiyag; gzpfs; Kbe;j gpwF Xupad; tpz;rpkpo; G+kpf;F kPs ntg;gf; ftrKk;> ghJfhg;gha; kpjf;fg; ghuhR+l; FilfSk; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

Xupad; tpz;fg;gy; epyTf;Fg; NghFk; gazk;

Kjypy; Vtg;gLk; Vup];–1 uhf;nfl; Xupad; tpz; rpkpiog; G+kpapd; Rw;W tl;l tPjpapy; tpl;LtpLfpwJ. ,u z;lhtJ Vtg;gLk; Vup];–5 uhf;nfl; re;jpudpy; ,wq;fg; NghFk; epyTj; Njiuj; J}f;fpr; nrd;W G+kpapd; zp|Zt ghijapy; tpl;LtpLfpwJ. gpwF Xupad; tpz;rpkpo; epyTj; NjUld; ,ize;J xd;whf re;jpuid Nehf;fpr; nry;fpwJ.

re;jpu <u;g;G kz;lyj;jpy; rpf;fpf;nfhs;Sk; Xupad; epyTj; Nju; ,izg;G gpupe;J epyTj; Nju; kl;Lk; fPNo ,wq;F fpwJ. mijf; fz;fhzpj;Jf;nfhz;L Xupad; tpz;rpkpo; epyit tl;lkpl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

epyTj; Njupy; ,uz;L gFjp fs; cs;sd. ehd;F fhy;fSld; epytpy; ,wq;Fk; fPo; ujk; gpupe;J tpkhdpfis Xupad; tpz;rpkpOf;F kPz;Lk; J}f;fpr; nry;Yk; uhf;nfl; thfdk; NkNy cs;sJ. epyitr; Rw;Wk; Xupad; uhf;nfl; thfd ,izg;ig mw;Wf; nfhz;L jdpahf jdJ uhf;nfl;Lfis ,af;fpg; G+kpf;F kPs;fpwJ.

ehrh re;jpuid kPz;Lk; Njbr; nry;yf; fhuzk; vd;d?

Kjy; kdpjd; epytpy; fhy; itj;J 40 Mz;Lfs; fle;j gpwF ehrh kWgbAk; mq;Nf Nghtjw;Ff; fhuzk; nrt;tha;f; NfhSf;F 2020 ,y; jlkplg; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJ ,ilNa Xa;ntLf;fj; jw;NghJ jq;F epiyak; xd;iwr; re;jpudpy; mikg;gjw;Nf.

mj;Jld; G+kpf;Fk; epyTf;Fk; ,ilNa tpkhdpfs; Xa;ntLf;fj; jw;NghJ Gtpiar; Rw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ‘mfpy ehl;L tpz;ntsp epiyaKk;’ jahuhfg; NghfpwJ. Vw;fdNt gd;dhl;L tpkhdpfs; nrt;tha;f; NfhSf;Fr; nry;Yk; ePz;l fhyg; gazj;Jf;Fg; gapw;rp ngw;W tUfpwhu;fs;.

mtu;fSf;Fj; Njitahd nghUl;fis u\;ahTk; mnkupf;fhTk; jkJ tpz;ntsp thfdq;fspy; mDg;gp tUfpd;wd. Fwpg;ghf 2010 Mz;by; ehrh kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; gad;gLj;Jk; ‘tpz;ntsp kPs;fg;gy;fs;’ epue;ju Xa;T vLf;Fk; vd;W jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Mjyhy; ehrhtpd; Kjy; gzp tpz;ntsp kPs;fg;g Yf;F ,izahd tpz; fg;gy; xd;iwj; jahupj;J mfpy ehl;L tpz;ntsp epiyaj;Jf;Fr; rhjdq;fis mDg;gpg; gapw;rpfisj; njhlu;tJ. ,uz;lhtJ re;jpudpy; tpkhdpfs; Xa;ntLf;fj; jf;f jsj;ijj; Nju;e;njLj;J mq;Nf jq;Fkplk; xd;iw mikg;gJ.

%d;whtJ nrt;tha;f; NfhSf;F kdpju; gazk; nra;aj; jFe;j tpz;fg;gy; xd;iwj; jahupg;gJ. ,k;%d;W Kf;fpag; gzpfis epiwNtw;wj;jhd; ehrhtpd; ‘Xupad; tpz;ntspj; jpl;lk;’ ,g;NghJ Kk;Kukha;j; jahuhfp tUfpwJ.

epyTf;F kPs;tijj; jtpu;j;J NeNu nrt;tha;f;Fg; Nghtjd; FiwghLfs;

tpz;ntsp kPs; fg;gy;fs; 2010 ,y; Xa;ntLf;fg; Nghtjhy; ehrhtpd; Kjw;gzp Xupad; tpz;fg;gy; mfpy ehl;L tpz;ntsp epiyaj;Jld; ,izg;gJ.

mJtiu ehiye;J Mz;LfSf;F mnkupf;fh> u\;ah tpz;ntsp thfdj;ij ek;gp cjtp ngw Ntz;bajpUf;Fk;.

epytpd; mgha jsj;jpy; 2020–2025 Mz;LfSf;Fs; Xa;Tf;Fj; jq;Fkplk; mikg;gjpy; epjp tpiuaKk; fhy jhkjKk; Vw;gl;lhYk; MW khj fhy ePz;lr; nrt;tha;g; ga zj;Jf;Fk; tpkhdpfSf;Fk; mD$yq;fs; gyd;fs; fpilf;f tha;g;Gfs; cs;sd.

epytpd; jq;Fkplj;jpy; tpkhdpfs; MW khjq;fs; tiu Xa;ntLf;fyhk;. me;jf; fhyg;nghOjpy; uhf;nfl; thfd vuprf;jp Nrfupf;f trjpAs;sJ.

NkYk; epytpd; vspa <u;g;G kz;lyj;jpypUe;J uhf;nfl;ilr; nrt;tha;f;Fg; Nghf VTtJ G+kpapd; mRu <u;g;gpypUe;J VTtij tpl vspjhdJ vup rf;jp Nrkpg;G Xu; mD$yk;.

G+kpapypUe;J nrt;tha;f;Fg; NghtjpYk; G+kpf;F kPs;tjpYk; gy kpy;ypad; iky; gazj;jpy; gpur;rpidfs; Vw;gl;lhy; epyTj; jq;Fkplk; tpkhdpfSf;F Xu; gRQ;Nrhiyahfg; gad;gLk;.

me;j Xa;Tf;$lk; epytpy; Njitapy;iy vd;W epjpr; nryitf; Fiwj;J Neuhfr; nrt;tha;f; NfhSf;Fg; NghtjpYk; G+kpf;F kPs;tjpYk; tpz;ntsp tpkhdpfSf;F epuk;g mghaq;fs; jf;fplf; fhj;Jf;nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd.

ehw;gJ Mz;LfSf;F Kd;G ehkile;j epytpd; ntw;wpfs; kfj;jhdit. Mdhy; mit nja;tPf epfo;r; rpfs; my;y. mnghy;Nyh jpl;l epGzupd; mw;Gjf; fw;g idAk;> fz;Lgpbg;Gr; rhjidfSk; vl;lhz;Lfsha;r; rhjpj;j cd;dj tpisTfNs mit vy;yhk; me;j Mz; Lfs; etPdg; nghwpapay; EZf;f tuyhw;wpy; ngUj;j rthyhfTk;> kpff; fbdkhfTk;> NgusT Mf;f tpid fshfTk; ,Ue;jd vd;whu; ePy; Mu;k;];Nuhq;.

ekJ FwpNehf;F ,g;NghJ epyTf;Fg; gjpyhf nrt;tha;f; NfhSf;F Neuhfg; gazk; nra;tjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;whu; g]; My;bupd;. rpy rkaq;fspy; jt whd Xuplj;Jf;Fg; gazk; nra;jjhf ehd; epidf;fpNwd;. rpWtdhf ,Ue;j NghNj vdJ tpUg;gj; jsk; nrt; tha;f; NfhNs.

,g;NghJk; mNj tpUg;gk;jhd;. epyT f;F kWgbAk; Nghtnjd; Dk; ehrhtpd; jw;Nghija jpl;lk; vdf;F tUj;jk; jUfpwJ. mJ njhopw;nghwp EZf;f Kiwfspy; ek;ik Klf;fpg; gy;yhz;Lfshf Njitaw;w Kiwapy; nrt; tha;f; Nfhs; Njlypy; jhk jg;gLj;jg; NghfpwJ.

nrt; tha;f; Nfhs;jhd; jf;fNjhu; Nkyhd gazf; Fwpg; gzpahf vdf;Fj; Njhd;WfpwJ vdj; njuptpf;fpwhu; ikf;Nfy; fhypd;];.

ekJ mLj;j ngUk; Fwpf;Nfhs; %d;W ehl;fs;> %d;W thuq;fs;> my;yJ %d;W khjq;fs; nrytopj;J epytpy; jq;fg; Nghtjpy;iy. Mdhy; nrt;tha;f; NfhSf;Fr; nrd;w xU FOtpdu; mq;Nf gazk; vg;gb ,Uf;Fk; vd;W nrhy;tij ePq;fNsh cq;fs; gps;isfNsh my;yJ Ngug; gps;isfNsh cl;fhu;e;J Nfl;gNj vd;whu; epytpy; ,Wjpj; jlkpl;l A[Pd; nru;dd;.

(rp. n[aghujd;)