,yq;if> <ok;> jkpou; - ,dp

c. uh. tujuhrd;

,yq;ifapy; ,uhZt eltbf; iffs; KbTf;F te;Jtpl;ljhf mwptpf; fg;gl;L> mjpgu; kfpe;jh uh[gf;Nr ,uhZt mzptFg;ig elj;jp ‘ntw;wp’iag; gpu fldg;gLj;jp Kbj;jpUf;fpwhu;.

‘jkpo; <oj; jhafj;ij rpq;fs Mf; fpukpg;gpypUe;J kPl;nlLg;gjw;fhd tpL jiyg;Nghuhl;lj;ij’f; fle;j 30 Mz;LfSf;Fk; Nkyhf elj;jp te;j jkpo; <o tpLjiyg; Gypfs; ,af;fk; mjd; tuyhw;wpy; ,Jtiu Neupl;buhj gpd;dilit re;jpj;jpUf;fpwJ. me;j ,af;fj;jpd; Kd;dzpj; jiytu;fs; gyUk; kuzk; mile;Js;sdu;. tpLjiyg; Gypfspd; jiytu; gpughfud; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;L tpl;ljhf me;j ,af;fj;jpd; xU jug;gpdu; cl;gl gyu; nra;jpfs; ntspapl;Ls;sdu;. Mdhy; gpughfud; ,d;dKk; capNuhL jhd; ,Ug;gjhf mWjpapl;Lr; nrhy;Yfpw ,d;ndhU jug;Gk; jfty;fisj; je;j tz;zk; cs;sJ.

jkpo; czu;T> <ok;> tpLjiyg; Gypfs; kw;Wk; gpughfud; njhlu;ghf ,iza jsj; jpy; jw;NghJ cyh tUfpw ‘trT ,yf;fpak;’ xU Gjpa gupkhzj;ijj; njhl;L epw;fpw ,e;jf; fl;lj;jpy; ‘,dp cldb ahf Kd;epw;gJ vd;d?’ vd;gJ ftdj;ij <u;f;f Ntz;bAs;sJ.

,yq;ifapy; me;j ehL tpLjiy ngw;w 1948 Kjy; rk cupikfSk;> tha;g;G fSk; Nfhupj; jkpo; kf;fs; Nghuhb te;Js; sdu;. ‘jdp <ok;’ vd;w Nfhupf;if vOg;gg; gLtjw;F Kd;dUk; rup> gpd;dUk; rup> ,yq;ifapy; mLj;jLj;J Ml;rpg;nghWg; Ngw;Wr; nray;gl;l muRfs; ,yq;ifj; jkpo; kf;fspd; Nfhupf;iffSf;F epahak; toq;ftpy;iy.

,e;jg;gpd;dzpapy; ‘gaq;futhjj;jpw;F KbTfl;btpl;l’ ntw;wpf;fspg;gpy; jpisj;J epw;Fk; uh[gf;Nr muR> ,yq; ifj; jkpou;fspd; vjpu;fhyk; gw;wpa Mu thukhd mwptpg;Gfs; gytw;iwAk; ntsp apl;Ls;sJ. fle;j mWgJ Mz;Lfspd; mDgtk; ,e;j mwptpg;Gfs; eilKiwg; gLj;jg;gLkh vd;w Iag;ghl;ilNa Kd; epWj;jpAs;sJ.

KbTf;F te;Jtpl;l ,uhZt el tbf;iffspd; tpisthf vOe;Js;s kdpj mtyq;fs; rhu;e;j gpur;ridfSf; Fj; jPu;T fhz Ntz;baJ> ,yq;if murpd; Kd;ghf kl;Lkpd;wp ru;tNjr rK jhaj;jpw;Nf xU ngUk; rthyhf epw;fpwJ.

,tw;wpy; ,uz;L Kf;fpa mk;rq; fisr; Rl;bf;fhl;l Ntz;bAs;sJ.

xd;W-td;dp gFjpapy; Kfhk;fspy; jq;f itf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,uz;L yl;rj;jpw;Fk; mjpfkhd> nrhe;j ehl;b NyNa mfjp fshfp epw;fpw> Gyk; ngau;e;j jkpo;kf;fspd; Jau; Jilg;G kw;Wk; kWtho;Tg; gpur; ridfs;.

,uz;L- ,yq;if murpd; ,uhZt eltbf;iffs; njhlug;gl;l fhyfl;lj;jp Yk; rup> ,g;NghJk; rup> jkpo; kf;fSf;F vjpuhd kdpj cupik kPwy; njhlu;ghd gpur;ridfs;.

I.eh. mikg;gpd; gpujpepjpfs;> ru;tNjr Clfq;fspd; nra;jpahsu;fs; cs;spl;l gyUk; ,e;j Kfhk;fspy; epyTfpw Nkhr khd R+oy;fs; gw;wpa mjpu;r;rpAk; ftiy Ak; mspf;fpw jfty;fis ntspapl;Ls;s du;. ,q;F epthuzg;gzpfs; KOikahf Tk; mtru czu;NthLk; Nkw;nfhs;sg; glhtpl;lhy; xU kpfg;ngupa kdpjg; NguopT jtpu;f;f ,ayhjjhfptpLk; vd;w mgha vr;rupf;ifahfNt ,j;jfty;fs; mike;Js;sd. ,yq;if muR ,jw;fhf ru;tNjr rKjhaj;jpd; cjtpfSf;fhff; ifePl;LfpwNjnahopa> I.eh. mikg;Gfs;> ru;tNjr nrQ;rpYitr; rq;fk; Nghd;w tw;wpd; Neub <Lghl;ilAk; fz;fhzpg; igAk; jtpu;f;Fk; Nghf;fpNyNa nray; gl;L tUfpwJ. ,e;jj; Jau;Jilg;Gg; gzpfs; xspT kiwtw;wjhf> ek;gj;jFe;j tifapy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLtjw;F ru;t Njr rKjhak; cj;juthjkhd eltbf;if fis cldbahf vLf;f Ntz;Lk;.

cs;ehl;bNyNa Gyk;ngau;e;J thOk; ,e;jj; jkpo; kf;fs; jq;fs; nrhe;jf; Fb apUg;GfSf;Fj; jpUk;Gk; tifapy; ,yq; if muR kWtho;Tg; gzpfis Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. me;jf; FbapUg;Gg; gFjpfspy; gug;gg;gl;Ls;s fz;zp ntbfis mfw;wpa gpd;dNu mq;F kf;fs; nry;y mDkjpf;f KbAk; vd;W ,yq;if muR nrhy;yp tUfpwJ. ,J fhyq;flj;Jfpw Kaw;rpahf ,y;yhky; tpiuTgLj;jg;gl Ntz;baJ mtrpak;. NkYk;> me;jg;gFjpfspy; Neupl;Ls;s Nrjq;fis Kiwahd guhkupg;G kw;Wk; kWrPuikg;Gg; gzpfs; Kyk; rPu;gLj;jpj; jUtJ ,yq;if murpd; flikahFk;. ,e;jg;gFjpfspy; Vw;fdNt FbapUe;j jkpou; FLk;gq;fisj; jtpu> ,ju gFjpfspypUe;J rpq;fsu;fisf; nfhz;L te;J Fbaku;j;Jfpw Kaw;rpfspy; ,yq;if muR <Lglf;$Lk; vd;w re;Njfk; gutyhf vOe;Js;sJ. ,g;gbg;gl;l Kaw;rpfis ,yq;if muR fz;bg;ghfj; jtpu;f;f Ntz;Lk;.

,yq;if murpd; ,uhZt eltbf; iffs; fpspnehr;rp - Ky;iyj;jPT gFjpfSf;F ePl;bf;fg;gLtjw;F Kd;djhfNt - ehu;Nt ehl;bd; jiyaPl;lhy; Vw;gl;l Nghu;epWj;j cld;ghL mkypy; ,Ue;j fhyfl;lj;jpNyNa - ,yq;ifj; jkpou;fSf;F vjpuhd kdpj cupik kPwy;fs; tiuKiwaw;w tifapy; eilngw;W te;Js;sd. ,jw;fhd Vuhskhd rhd;Wfs; gyTk; gjpthfpAs;sd. ,uhZt eltbf;ifapd; xU gFjpahf> mg;ghtp kf;fs; jpushf ,Ue;j gFjpfspy; VTfiz> nfhj;J ntbFz;L> er;R thA ckpOk; ,urhad Fz;Lfs; - Mfpatw;wpd; jhf;Fjy;fs;> ,isQu;fs; flj;jy;> ngz;fs; khdgq; fk; Nghd;w gyjug;gl;l kdpj cupik kPwy;fs; ele;Js;sij> tpLjiyg;Gypfs; my;yhj ,yq;ifj; jkpou; mikg;Gfs; gyTk; $lf; Fw;wr;rhl;Lfshf mLf;fpAs;sd.

I.eh. kdpj cupikf; FOtpy; ,J njhlu;ghd jPu;khdk; ru;tNjr epu;g;ge;jq;fs; fhuzkhfj; Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. vdpDk;> ,e;j kdpj cupik kPwy;fs; kw;Wk; ,yq;if ,uhZtj;jpd; Nghu;f;Fw;wq;fs; KOikahf tprhuizf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;L cz;ikfs; ntspf;nfhzug;gl Ntz;Lk;. Fw;wk; ,ioj;jtu;fs; fLikahfj; jz;bf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,uhf;ifAk;> Mg;fhdp];jhidAk; xg;gpl;Lg; Ngrp> ,yq;if muR ,e;j kdpj cupik kPwy;fisj; jpiuapl;L %b kiwf;f Kw;gLtij ru;tNjr rKjhak; mDkjpf;ff; $lhJ.

kWtho;T> kdpj cupik Fwpj;j ,e;j mk;rq;fis Rl;bf;fhl;Lfpw ,e;j Neuj;jpNyNa> ,yq;ifj; jkpou; gpur;ridapy; xU ePz;lfhyj; jPu;Tf;fhd murpay; eltbf;iffs; njhlq;fg;gLtijAk; typAWj;JtJ mt rpakhfpwJ.

,yq;ifapd; tlf;Fg; gFjpapy; ,uh Zt eltbf;iffs; %yk; <l;lg;gl;Ls;s ‘ntw;wp’Nah> tpLjiyg; GypfSf;F Vw;gl;Ls;s gpd;dilNth> ,yq;ifj; jkpou; gpur;ridf;F> kfpe;jh uh[gf;Nr muR jd;dpr;irahf KbntLj;J epue;juj; jPu;T fz;LtpLtjw;F ,l;Lr;nry;yhJ. ,uhZt eltbf;iffs; rpy cldbg; gad;fis kl;LNk je;Js;sNj jtpu> ,yq;ifj; jkpou; gpur;rid ePWG+j;j neUg;ghff; fdd;W nfhz;Ljhd; ,Uf;Fk; vd;gij ,yq;if muR czu Ntz;Lk;.

“tpLjiyg; Gypfs; ,af;fk; kPz; Lk; Gj;Japu; ngw;W vOk;”> “gpughfud; jf;f jUzj;jpy; Kfq;fhl;bj; jdp <oj;jpw;fhd Nghiu kPz;Lk; topelj;Jthu;”> “jdp <oNk ,yq;ifj; jkpou; gpur;ridf;F xNu jPu;T”> “xd;W gl;l ,yq;iff;Fs; spl;l murpay; jPu;T vd;gJ rhj;jpaNk my;y”> vd;nwy;yhk; ,d;iwf;Fk; Kof;fq;fs; vOg;gg;gLfpd;wd.

jkpo;ehl;by;> ,yq;ifj; jkpou; ghJfhg;G ,af;fk; ,e;j rpe;jid Xl;lj;jpy;jhd; nray;gLfpwJ. jpKf jiyikapyhd ,yq;ifj; jkpou; ey cupikg; Nguit kf;fsitj; Nju;jypy; ,g;gpur;rid jq;fSf;F ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;jtpy;iy vd;w epk;kjpg; ngU%r;R tpl;L epw;fpwJ.

“khu;f;rp];l; fl;rpapdu; ,yq;ifj; jkpou;fis tplTk; mjpfkhf ,yq;ifapd; ,iwahz;ik gw;wpNa ftiyg;gLfpwhu;fs;” vd;W rpyu; Fw;wk; rhl;Lfpd;wdu;. ghkf epWtdu;> khu;f;rp];l;Lfis xU gfpuq;fg; gl;bkd;w tpthjj;jpw;Nf $l mioj;jpUf;fpwhu;. ‘[drf;jp’ ehNsl;by; cjia K.tPiuad;> khu;f;rp];l; fl;rpapd; epiyghL gpiogl;l xd;W vdr; rpj;jupf;f Kw;gl;bUf;fpwhu;.

,yq;ifapy; jdp<of; Nfhupf;if vOe;jjw;F fhuzk; rpq;fsg; Ngupd thjKk;> mij Cf;Ftpj;j ,yq;if Ml;rpahsu;fspd; nfhs;iffNs vd;gij> mq;Nf ,dg;gLnfhiyfs; eilngw;w xt;nthU fhyfl;lj;jpYk; khu;f;rp];l; fl;rp Rl;bf;fhl;b te;Js;sJ. ,yq;if cs;spl;l %d;whtJ cyf ehLfspy; ,d Nkhjy;fis Cf;Ftpj;J> mjd; %yk; murpay; - ,uhZt Mjhak; NjLk; Vfhjpgj;jpa Kaw;rpfSf;F ,le;juf;$lhJ vd;gJk; khu;f;rp];l; fl;rpapd; mbg;gilahd epiyghL.

xd;Wgl;l ,yq;iff;F cs;spl;L> jkpou; ngUk;ghd;ikahf thOk; gpuNjrq;fSf;F Rahl;rp cupikAk;> $Ljy; mjpfhug; gfpu;Tk; toq;ff;$ba murpay; jPu;T kl;LNk> ,yq;ifj; jkpou; gpur;ridf;F epue;juj; jPu;thf mikAk; vd;gij khu;f;rp];l; fl;rp njhlu;e;J $wp te;Js;sJ.

1987-Mk; Mz;bd; uh[Pt; fhe;jp - n[atu;j;jNd cld;ghL ,e;jj; jpirapy; vLj;J itf;fg;gl;l Kjy; mb vd;w NghjpYk;> mLj;jLj;J ,yq;ifapy; ele;Js;s epfo;Tfs;> ,yq;ifj; jkpou; gpur;ridia NkYk; rpf;fyhf;fpAs;sd. mq;F Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l murpay; mikg;Gr; rl;lj; jpUj;jq;fs;> ePjpkd;wj; jPu;g;Gf;fs;> muR eltbf;iffs; vd;W gyTk; murpay; jPu;Tf;fhd topj;jlj;ij Mf;fpukpj;J epw;fpd;wd.

,yq;if muR mikj;Js;s mjpfhug; gfpu;Tf;fhd midj;Jf; fl;rpf;FOtpd; nray;ghL jdf;Nf epiwtspg;gjhf ,y;iy vd;gij mjpgu; uh[gf;NrNt xU fl;lj;jpy; xg;Gf; nfhz;Ls;shu;. $lNt murpay; jPu;T fhz;gjw;fhd Kaw;rpfisj; jhNd nghWg;Ngw;W Nkw;nfhs;tjhfTk; mtu; mwptpj;jpUe;jhu;.

,yq;ifapd; ,d;iwa R+oypy;> jkpou; gpur;ridf;fhd murpay; jPu;T vd;gJ> ,yq;if murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj;jpd; 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd;gb jkpou; thOk; gpuNj rq;fSf;F tpupTgLj;jp mkyhf;FtNjhL kl;Lk; epiwT ngw;WtplhJ. ,yq;ifapy; ngUk;ghd;ik rpq;fs kf;fSf;F rfy tpjj;jpYk; rkkhf murpay;> r%f> nghU shjhu> gz;ghl;L cupikfs; jkpo; kf; fSf;F cj;juthjkhff; fpilf;fr; nra;tNj murpay; jPu;tpd; ikaf; fUthf mika Ntz;Lk;.

,yq;if muR> ,yq;ifj; jkpo; kf; fisg; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;jp ,aq;fp tUk; midtiuAk; cs;slf;fp> murpay; jPu; Tf;fhd cau;kl;lg; Ngr;Rthu;j;ijfis cldbahfj; njhlq;f Ntz;LtJ mtrp ak;. ,jpy;> tpLjiyg;Gypfs; MjuT mikg; ghd jkpo;j; Njrpaf; $l;likg;G> jkpou; If;fpa tpLjiy Kd;dzpapd; jiytu; Mde;jrq;fup jiyikapy; mz;ikapy; cUthfpAs;s [dehafj; jkpo;j; Njrpaf; $l;likg;G> ,yq;if mikr;ruitapy; gq;F ngw;Ws;s gy; NtW jkpou; mikg;Gfs; kw; Wk; fpof;F khfhz Ml;rpg; nghWg;gpy; cs;s Kjy ikr;ru; gps;isad; jiyikapyhd mikg;G Kjyhdit ,lk; ngWtJ ey;yJ.

aho;g;ghzk;> td;dp efuq;fspy; cs;shl;rpj;Nju;jy;fs; mwptpf;fg;gl; Ls;s epiyapy;> ,yq;ifapy; jkpou; mikg;GfspilNa Nghl;bAk;> fUj;J NtWghLfSk; vOe;Js;sJ ,aw;ifNa. vdpDk;> xl;Lnkhj;j ,yq;ifj; jkpo; kf;fspd; vjpu;fhyj;ijf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L> ,yq;ifapd; ,dr;rpf;fYf;F xU epue;jukhd murpay; jPu;it vl;Ltjp Yk;> mijr; nray;gLj;j ,yq;if muir epu;g;ge; jpg;gjpYk; ,yq;ifj; jkpou; mikg;Gfs; xU Fiwe;jgl;rf; fUj; njhw;Wikia cUthf;fpr; nray;gl Ntz;baJ fhyj;jpd; fl;lhak;.

,it midj;jpYk; ,e;jpa muR jdf;Fs;s nghWg;ig czu;e;J nray;gl Ntz;Lk;. mz;ikf;fhykhf ,yq;ifg; gpur;ridapy; ,e;jpa muR filg;gpbj;j mZFKiw jkpo; ehl;bd; murpay; ,af; fq;fs; gytw;wpd; fz;Nzhl;lj;jpy; re;Njfj;jpw;F mg;ghw;gl;ljhf ,y;iy. ,yq;ifapy; mg;ghtpj; jkpo; kf;fspd; gLnfhiyiaj; jLj;jpl mq;F Nghu; epWj;jj;ij typAWj;Jtjpy; ,e;jpa muR Nghjpa Kidg;Gf; fhl;ltpy;iy vd;W jkpo;ehl;by; gutyhff; Fw;wr;rhl;Lfs; vOe;jd. uh[gf;Nr murpd; ,uhZt el tbf;ifia gaq;futhjj;jpw;F vjpuhd nray;ghL vd;W kl;LNk ,e;jpa muR ghu;j;jJ. ,d;iwa ,yq;if epiyikapy;> xl;L nkhj;j ,yq;ifj; jkpo; kf;fspd; ePz;l fhy eyd;fisf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L ,e; jpa muR nraY}f;fk; kpFe;j eltbf;if fis vLf;f Ntz;Lk;.

15tJ kf;fsitj; Nju;jy; Kbe;J> kd;Nkhfd; rpq; jiyikapyhd Gjpa muR nghWg;Ngw;Wf; nfhz;Ls;s epiy apy;> ,yq;ifj; jkpou; gpur;rid njhlu; ghf vOe;Js;s gy;NtW Nfs;tpfSf;F> murpd; ntspAwTj;Jiw kw;Wk; ghJfhg; Gj;Jiw rhu;e;j ehlhSkd;w epiyf; FOf; fspy; $u;ikahd tpthjq;fs; elj;jp tpilfhz;gJ rhj;jpak;;mtrpaKk; $l.

(jPf;fjpu;)