,yq;ifj; jkpou; gpur;id - Xu; Ma;T (gFjp 5)

mgj;jj;jpYk; mgj;jk;

Nkw;$wpa thjj;ij Kjyhspj;Jtk; vg;NghJ vLf;fj; njhlq;Ffpd;wNjh mg;NghNj mjw;F Njrpa Kjyhspj;Jtj;jpd; $Wfs; te;JtpLfpd;wd. vdNt juF Kjyhspj;Jt epWtdkhfj; Njhd;wpa xd;W mJ ,Wjptiu juF Kjyhspj;Jtkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;gjpy;iy.

juF Kjyhspj;Jtk; vd;gJ Kjyhspj;Jtj;jpd; xU gFjpf;F mJ xU Fwpg;gpl;l tuyhw;Wf; fhyj;jpy; Mw;Wk; tuyhw;Wg; gq;fpid mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L R+l;lg;gl;l fhuzg;ngaNu jtpu ,L Fwpg;ngau; my;y. vdNt mjd; kz;il kz;Zf;Fs; NghFk; tiu juF Kjyhsp vd;w ngaiu mj;Jld; nghUj;jpf; $WtJ mgj;jj;jpYk; mgj;jkhFk;.

,e;jg; gpd;dzpapy; ,yq;ifapd; ,dg;gpur;idia Ma;T nra;jhy; ehk; ,j;jifanjhU KbTf;Nf tuKbAk;: mjhtJ ,yq;ifapy; jw;NghJ epyTk; gpur;id mbg;gilapy; Njrpa ,dq;fspd; Raepu;za cupikia typAWj;Jk; mstpw;fhd ,d NtWghLfspd; mbg;gilapy; Njhd;wpajy;y.

,yq;ifapy; Ml;rpnra;j gpupl;b\; Vfhjpgj;jpak; ifahz;l gpupj;jhSk; R+o;r;rp nfhs;iffshYk; Njr tpLjiyiar; rhjpj;j gpd; mq;F Ml;rpf;F te;j Njrpa Kjyhsp tu;f;fk; mJ re;jpf;f Neu;e;j neUf;fbfspypUe;J kPs;tjw;fhfTk; tsu;j;J tplg;gl;lNj ,e;j ,dg;gpur;id vd;w KbTf;Nf ehk; tuKbAk;.

jdpehly;y - jdpkhepyk; $l Nfhug;gltpy;iy

jkpou;fs; rpq;fsg; gFjpfs; gytw;wpy; NtiyfspYk;> njhopy;fspYk; ,Ue;jjhy; tpLjiy ngw;w Ntisapy; jkpou;fspd; jiytu;fs; jdp ehly;y> jdp khepyk; $l Nfhutpy;iy.

kj;jpaj;Jtg; gLj;jg;gl;ljhf ,Ue;j ,yq;ifapd; Ml;rpaikg;gpy; Fbkf;fs; midtUf;Fkhd thf;Fupik ,Uf;ff;$lhJ; Vnddpy; mJ fhilau;fs; Ml;rp miktjpNyNa nrd;W KbAk;; gbj;jtu;fSf;F kl;Lk; thf;Fupik ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; vd;gNj jkpou;fspd; jiytu; nghd;dk;gyk; uhkehjd; Nghd;wtu;fs; tpLjiy ngw;w fhyj;jpy; Kd; itj;j thjkhf ,Ue;jJ.

gbj;jtu;fSf;F kl;Lk; thf;Fupik vd;why; jkpou;fspy; kpfg; ngUk;ghNyhu; thf;Fupik ngw;wtu;fshf Mfp rpq;fs kf;fSld; thf;Fupik tpfpjj;jpYk; Vwf;Fiwa rk epiyf;F te;JtpLtu; vd;gNj mtuJ vz;zk;. vdNt midtUf;Fk; thf;Fupik vd;gij vjpu;j;j mtu; kj;jpaj;Jtg; gLj;jg;gl;ljhf ,Ue;j ,yq;if murikg;ig vjpu;f;ftpy;iy. jkpou; thOk; gFjpfis xd;wpizj;J xNukhfhzkhf Mf;fNth $l;lhl;rp Kiw Ntz;Lnkd;Nwh mtu;fs; mf;fhyj;jpy; Nfhutpy;iy.

mLj;J ,yq;iff;Ff; fpl;ba murpay; tpLjiy gy vjpu;ghu;g;Gfis me;ehl;bd; jkpo; kw;Wk; rpq;fs kf;fspilNa tpLjiyg; ngw;w Ntisapy; cUthf;fpapUe;jJ. Mdhy; tpLjiyf;Fg;gpd; fl;baikf;fg;gl;l Kjyhspj;Jt nghUs; cw;gj;jp Kiw ntF tpiutpNyNa re;ij neUf;fbiaAk;> mjd; tpisthd Ntiyapd;ikg; gpur;idiaAk; vjpu;Nehf;f Neu;e;jJ. mjpypUe;J jg;gpf;f ,Ue;j xNu topahd GJ Ntiytha;g;Gfis cUthf;f jpuhzpaw;wjhf neUf;fb R+o;e;j epiyapy; ,Ue;j ,yq;if Kjyhsp tu;f;fk; ,Ue;jJ.

mjd; muR ,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;fpa Ml;rpahsu;fs; gpur;idiaj; jpir jpUg;Gtjw;fhf Vw;fdNt ,UngUk; Njrpa ,dq;fisf; nfhz;ljhf ,Ue;j me;ehl;by; mt;tg;NghJ Njhd;Wk; ,d NtWghl;Lg; Nghf;Ffisg; gad;gLj;jp ,e;j ,dg;gpur;idia Kd;epWj;jp mjid tsu;j;J tpl;ldu;. mjw;F vJ vij vy;yhk; gad;gLj;j KbANkh mij vy;yhk; gad;gLj;jpdu;.

fy;tp tha;g;Gg; ngw;w jkpo; kf;fs;

fy;tpapYk;> muR mYty;fspYk; nghUshjhuh uPjpahfTk; jkpou;fs; XusT rpq;fsu;fisf; fhl;bYk; Nkk;gl;L ,Ue;jJ ,t;tpraj;jpy; Ml;rpahsu;fshy; jpwikahfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,yq;ifapy; jkpou;fs; thOk; gFjp> rpq;fsu;fs; thOk; gFjpiag; Nghy mj;jid ,aw;if tsk;kpf;fjy;y. mjdhNyNa mtu;fs; jq;fs; tho;f;ifia elj;jg; gy tiffspy; Nghuhl Ntz;bapUe;jJ. fy;tp ngw;W vg;gbahtJ muR mYty;fisg; gpbf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w fl;lhak; mtu;fSf;F ,Ue;jJ.

mnkupf;f nkj;jhb];l; ru;r; rhu;e;j epWtdq;fs; jkpo; njupe;j mnkupf;fu;fisf; nfhz;L jukhd Mq;fpyf; fy;tpia jkpou;fs; thOk; aho;g;ghzg;gFjpapy; toq;fpajhy; mjid fw;W gpupl;b\; epu;thfj;jpy; gy mYty;fspy; 19k; E}w;whz;by; filrpg; gFjp Kjw;nfhz;Nl jkpou;fs; gzpaku;e;Jtpl;ldu;. aho;g;ghzj;jpy; fy;tp gapd;w jkpou;fSf;F ,e;jpahtpYk; kNyrpahtpYk; $l jukhd Ntiyfs; fpl;bd.

Mdhy; rpq;fsu; tho;e;j gFjpfs; ePu;g;ghrd trjp kpf;fitaha; ,Ue;jjhy; tptrhaj;ijr; rhu;e;Nj mtu;fshy; thoKbAk; vd;w epiy ,Ue;jJ. 1929-1931fspy; cyifAk; ,yq;ifiaAk; FYf;fpa nghUshjhu neUf;fb Neu;e;j rkaj;jpy;jhd; mJtiu jq;fsJ tskhd gFjpapy; tptrha Ntiyfspy; kl;Lk; Mu;tk; fhl;bte;j rpq;fsu;fs; muR Ntiyfis VnwLj;Jg; ghu;f;fj; njhlq;fpdu;. Mdhy; mg;NghNj muRg; gzpfspy; ngUk;ghYk; jkpou;fs; gzpaku;e;Jtpl;ldu;.

Vfhjpgj;jpa Kjyhspj;Jt muRfs; nghJthfNt njhopy; Jiw Kjyhspfspd; eyidNa ngupJk; NgZgit. Vnddpy; njhopw;rhiyfSf;F ,LnghUl;fshf tptrha tpisnghUl;fs; ,Ug;gjhy; mtw;wpd; tpiy Vw;wj;ij ngUk;ghYk; Kjyhsp tu;f;fk; mDkjpg;gjpy;iy. ,jdhy; njhopw;rhiy Afj;jpy; tptrhag; nghUshjhuk; nfhQ;rk; nfhQ;rkhf eyptile;Nj te;jJ. NkYk; mLj;jLj;j jiyKiwfs; tUifapy; epyg;gfpu;Tk; Vw;gLtjhy; tptrhaj;ij ek;gpNa ,Uf;fKbahJ vd;w R+o;epiy eLj;ju> Nky;kl;l rpq;fs tptrha cilik tu;f;fq;fSf;F Vw;gl;lJ.

rpq;fs ,dj;jpy; Njhd;wpa Ntiyapd;ikg; gpur;id

me;epiyapy; muR NtiyfSf;Fk; gpw njhopy; eltbf;iffSf;Fk; mtu;fs; nry;yNtz;ba epu;g;ge;jk; Vw;gl;lJ mg;NghJ mitfspy; jq;fsJ kf;fl; njhif tpfpjj;ijf; fhl;bYk; $Ljy; vz;zpf;ifapy; jkpou;fs; ,Ue;jJ mtu;fSf;F ngUk; gpur;idahfg; gl;lJ. ,J gpupl;b\; Vfhjpgj;jpa Ml;rp ,Ue;j 1930-fspNyNa Muk;gpj;Jtpl;lJ.

tpLjiyf;Fg;gpd; Vw;gl;l Ml;rpajpfhuj;jpy; mjpf vz;zpf;ifapy; ,lk;ngw;wpUe;j rpq;fs Ml;rpahsu;fSk; mtu;fsJ fl;rpfSk; tpLjiyf;Fg; gpd; ,ijNa ngupjhf fhl;b jkpo; vjpu;g;Gzu;it tsu;f;fj; njhlq;fpdu;. jq;fsJ tha;g;Gfis vy;yhk; jkpou;fs; jl;bg;gwpj;J tpl;ldu; vd;w czu;it rhjhuz rpq;fs kf;fs; kdjpy; gjpf;fj; njhlq;fpdu;.

(ed;wp: khw;Wf; fUj;J)

(njhlUk;...)