jpupGuh... ntw;wpapd; ufrpak;

(Mu;.ikjpyp> jpUg;G+u;)

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jpupGuh khepyk;> tlfpof;fpYs;s 8 khepyq;fspy; xd;W vd;gJld; njhiytpy; cs;s khepyKk; MFk;. gq;fshNj\;> m];]hk; kw;Wk; kpNrhuk; Mfpatw;iw jd;Dila vy;iyfshff; nfhz;l jpupGuhtpy;> 10 Mapuj;J 492 rJu fpNyh kPl;lu; gug;gsTs;s epyj;jpy; 60 rjk; NkL gs;sq;fs; epiwe;j kiyg;ghq;fhd G+kpahFk;. 1947 nrg;lk;gu; 9 tiu Mq;fpNya tpRthrkpf;f uh[guk;giuapduhy; Msg;gl;l me;j khepyj;jpy; tq;fk;> kzpGup kw;Wk; 19 tifahd Mjpthrp r%fq;fs; cs;sd. 32 yl;rk; kf;fs; njhif nfhz;l mq;F fpuhkg;Gwj;jpy; kl;Lk; 27 yl;rk; (85 rjtPjk;) kf;fs; cs;sdu;.

mq;Fs;s 4.46 yl;rk; n`f;Nlu; tptrha epyj;ij ek;gpj;jhd; 70 rjtPj kf;fs; tho;e;J tUfpd;wdu;. mtu;fspy; 90 rjtPj kf;fs;> rpwpa kw;Wk; eLj;ju tptrhapfs;. ney;> NfhJik> fUk;G> cUisf;fpoq;F> Njq;fha;> rzy;> vz;nza; tpj;Jf;fs;jhd; mq;F gpujhdkhd Ntshz; tpisnghUl;fs;. jpupGuh khepyk; ,d;dKk; czTg; gw;whf;FiwAs;s khepykhf ,Ue;J tUfpd;wNghjpYk;> fle;j rpy tUlq;fshf czT jhdpaq;fspd; cw;gj;jp mjpfupj;Nj te;Js;sJ. 2011f;Fs; jpupGuhit czTjhdpa cw;gj;jpapy; Rarhu;ghd khepykhf khw;w Ntz;Lnkd me;j muR 2000y; mwptpj;j njhiy Nehf;Fj;jpl;lk; ntFthfg; gadspj;Js;sJ. fle;j 8 Mz;Lfspy;> Vw;nfdNt tptrhak; nra;ag;gl;Lte;j Ntshz; epyj;jpd; msT Fiwe;j R+o;epiyapYk; $l czT jhdpa cw;gj;jp 5.13 yl;rk; ld;dpypUe;J 6.5 yl;rk; ld;dhf cau;e;Js;sJ. mjw;fhd mbg;gil fhuzk;> mq;Fs;s ghrdj;jpw;F jFjpahd 1.17 yl;rk; n`f;Nlu; epyj;jpy; Rkhu; 0.94 yl;rk; (81 rj tPjk;) n`f;Nlu; epyj;jpw;F ghrd trjp nra;J jug;gl;Ls;sNj.

me;j khepyj;jpy; ,aw;ifahfNt mike;Js;s> kiyg;ghq;fhd-kio nga;Ak; R+oypd; fhuzkhf mq;F> igdhgps;> gyh> MuQ;R> Ke;jpup> vYkpr;ir Nghd;w gy gotiffs;> ngUksT tpisfpd;wd. fle;j MW Mz;L fhykhfNt tpisr;ry; epyKk;> tpisr;rYk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f msT mjpfupj;Js;sJ. NkYk; Gjpa cau;uf Ke;jpup xl;Lr;nrbfis tsu;g;gjw;fhf rpwg;G eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;bUg;gJld;> cUisf;fpoq;F tpij mq;F kpfTk; gpugykile;jpUg;gJld; tpal;ehk;> ,e;NjhNdrpah> rpwPyq;fh> njd;nfhupah> gq;fshNj\; kw;Wk; Neghsk; Mfpa ehLfSf;Fk; ngUkstpy; Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

mj;Jld;> thrid kyu; kw;Wk; fhshd;fis cw;gj;jp nra;tjpYk; Gjpjhf ftdk; nrYj;jg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. NkYk; tlfpof;F gpuhe;jpa Ntshz; khu;f;nfl;bq; fhu;g;gNu\d; Mz;LNjhWk; 5600 ld; go kw;Wk; %q;fpy; FUj;J rhiuAk; cw;gj;jp nra;af;$ba Mw;wy;kpf;fjhfTs;sJ. mNjNghy me;j fhu;g;gNu\d; mDjpdKk; 500 fpNyh Ke;jpupiaAk; gjg;gLj;jp tUfpd;wJ.

me;j khepyj;jpYs;s 19 Mjpthrp r%fj;jpdUk; jq;fSila nrhe;j ghuk;gupa fyhr;rhuj;ij filg;gpbj;J tUtJld; mq;Fs;s Mjpthrpfs; eyj;Jiw> mtu;fSila r%f> nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpf;fhfTk; Mf;fg;G+u;tkhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhz;L tUfpd;wJ. Mjpthrp khz tu;fSf;fhf tpLjpfSk;> jq;Fkplq;fSk; cUthf;fp elj;jp tUtJld;> mtu;fSf;F Cf;fj;njhifAk; rpwe;j khztu;fSf;fhd tpUJfSk;> xd;gjhk; tFg;G kw;Wk; mjw;F NkYs;s tFg;Gfspy; gapYk; khztu;fSf;F ,ytr ghlg;Gj;jfq;fSk; toq;fptUfpd;wJ. mj;Jld; me;jj;Jiw> 3 Vfiyth khly; gs;spfisAk;> 3 M];uk gs;spfisAk; elj;jp tUfpd;wJ.

mj;Jld;> jPtputhjj;ij iftpl;L tpl;L ika ePNuhl;lj;jpw;F jpUk;gp te;Js;s khztu;fSf;F gz cjtpAk;> njhopw;gapw;rpAk; toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk;> Mjpthrpfs; rk;ge;jkhd Ma;Tfis Nkw;nfhs;s xU Mjpthrp Ma;T epWtdKk; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

jpupGuh khepyk; fy;tpj;JiwapYk;> rPupa Kiwapy; vl;l eilNghl;L tUfpd;wJ. 2008-2009y; ru;t rpf;\h mgpahd; jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; 376 Muk;gg;ghlrhiyfSk;> 118 cau;epiyg;gs;spfSk; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

fy;tpj;Jiwapd; eltbf;ifapd;fPo; 4004 Muk;gg;ghlrhiyfspy; 3.48 yl;rk; Foe;ijfSf;F kjpa czTk; toq;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. 2008y; cau; epiyg;gs;spfSf;Fk; kjpa czTj;jpl;lk; tpupT gLj;jg;gl;L 1002 gs;spfspy; kjpa czT toq;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ.

cau;fy;tpiag; nghWj;jtiu> jkpofj;jpd; xU ngupa khtl;lj;jpd; mstpy; kl;LNk cs;s me;j rpd;dQ;rpwpa khepyj;jpy;> Vuhskhd cau;fy;tp kw;Wk; njhopw; fy;tp epWtdq;fSk; murhy; elj;jg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. mNjNghy kUj;Jtf; fy;Y}up> rl;lf;fy;Y}up> kPd;tsf; fy;Y}up> Ntshz; fy;Y}upfSk; mq;F nray;gl;L tUfpd;wd. rkPgj;jpy; me;j muR> NkYk; 6 fy;Y}upfisAk; 3 ghyp nlf;dpf;FfisAk; xU Mrpupau; gapw;rpg; gs;spiaAk; cUthf;fpl KbT nra;Js;sJ.

Rfhjhu trjpfisg; nghWj;jtiuapy; jpupGuh muR> xt;nthU Fbkf;fspd; tPl;bw;Fk; tUKd; fhf;Fk; tifapyhd Rfhjhu trjpfis cUthf;fpl jpl;lkpl;L nrayhw;wp tUfpwJ. mj;Jld;> kf;fspilapy; Rfhjhu tpopg;Gzu;it Vw;gLj;jf; $ba tifapyhd ,af;fq;fisAk; Kidg;Gld; elj;jp tUfpd;wJ. NkYk;> tWikf;Nfhl;bw;F fPo; ,Ug;gtu;fSila rpfpr;ir trjpf;fhfntd;Nw khepy Nehahspfs; cjtp epjpia Vw;gLj;jp> mjd;%yk; kUj;Jt rpfpr;ir Kfhk;fis elj;jp> mtu;fSf;F cjtp tUfpd;wJ.

jpupGuh muR> Vuhskhd r%f eyj; jpl;lq;fisAk; me;j khepyj;jpy; eil Kiwg;gLj;jp tUfpd;wJ. 2008-09 y; kl;Lk; mq;F 1.37yl;rk; Ngu; KjpNahu; Xa;T+jpak; ngw;Ws;shu;fs;. me;j khepyj;jpy; 3.61 yl;rk; Foe;ijfisAk;> 93 Mapuk; fu;g;gpzpg; ngz;fisAk; guhkupf;ff;$ba tifapy; 7379 mq;fd;thb ikaq;fSk; nray;gl;LtUfpd;wd.

rhiy trjpfisg; nghWj;jtiu> me;j khepyj;jpYs;s 448 fp.kP Njrpa neLQ;rhiy> 689 fp.kP. khepy neLQ; rhiy> 90 fp.kP gpujhd khtl;l rhiy kw;Wk; 582 fp.kP. vy;iyg;Gw rhiyfs; Kiwahf guhkupf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. ,Ug;gpDk;> Vw;nfdNt cs;s rhiyfis NkYk; Nkk;gLj;jTk;> NkYk; Gjpa rhiyfisg; NghlTk; me;j muR jpl;lq;fis tFj;Js;sJ.

NkYk; ug;gu;> Njapiy cw;gj;jpiaAk; tpw;gidiaAk; mjpfg;gLj;jplTk; me;j muR jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ. jpupGuh khepyj;jpd; iftpidg; nghUl;fs;> rPd ahj;jpupfu; Athd; Rthq; fhyj;jpypUe;Nj cyfg; Gfo;ngw;wit. mj;Jld; mit> ,e;Jkj> Gj;jkj> ,];yhkpa fyhr;rhuq;fspd; $l;L tbtq;fshf ,Ug;git. mitfspd; tsu;r;rp kw;Wk; tpw;gidia mjpfg;gLj;jplTk; muR Kad;W tUfpd;wJ.

NkYk;> ,d;iwa etPd fhyj;jpw;F Njitahd jfty; njhopy;El;gj;ij fpuhkg;Gw mstpy; nfhz;L nrd;W mij tsu;j;jplTk; me;j muR gy;NtW mikg; Gfis cUthf;fpAs;sJ.

,t;thW vy;yh gFjpfspYk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f Nkk;ghl;il mile;jpUg;gJk;> kf;fSila tho;tpy; ,lJKd;dzp muR kfj;jhd Kd;Ndw;wq;fis cUthf;fp tUtJk;jhd; kf;fs; MjuTj; jsj;jpd; mbg;gil. mJjhd; ntw;wpapd; ufrpak;.