re;jpudpy; fhy; gjpj;J 40 Mz;Lfs; kjpahy; kjpia ntd;w kdpjd;

,w;iwf;F ehd;F jrhg;jq;fSf;F Kd;du; xUehs; kdpjdhy; Mff;$Lk; vd;W epidj;J ghu;f;f Kbahj epfo;T xd;W ,lk;ngw;wJ. kdpjd; Njhd;wpa ehs; Kjy; epfo;e;Njwpa rk;gtq;fSf;nfy;yhk; rpfukhf mike;jJ ,e;jr; rk;gtk;. kdpjd; xU fpufj;jpypUe;J ,d;DnkhU fpufj;Jf;Fs; gpuNtrk; nra;j mw;Gj rk;gtNk mJ.

G+kpapy; elkhba kdpjd; re;jpuj; jiuapNy mbnaLj;J itj;jik kdpj rKjhak; ngUk; gha;r;rnyhd;iw Nkw;nfhz;l epfo;thfNt cyf muq;fpy; gjpthfp cs;sJ. Gjpa tpopfshy; cyiff; fhzf;fpl;ba Xu; mupa tha;g;ghfTk; ,J md;W fUjg;gl;lJ. kdpjdpd; ePz;l fhyf; fdT xd;W ,jd; %yk; epiwNtwpaJ.

,J epfo;e;jJ> 1969 k; Mz;L [{iy khjk; MFk;. mnkupf;fhtpd; nfd;db KidapNy 39. V vDk; Nkil kPJ mike;Js;s nuhf;fl; jhq;fpapy; nrlupd; 5 vDk; gpukhz;lkhd tpz;fyk; xd;W epWj;jg;gl;bUe;jJ. mjd; Kidapy; ‘nrlupd; 5’I thdntspf;F mioj;Jr; nry;y mg;gNyh - 11 jahu; epiyapy; epd;wJ.

cyfpd; cd;djkhd gaznkhd;iw Nkw;nfhs;Sk; Jzpr;rNyhL mUNf tPw;wpUe;jdu; ePy; Mk;];Nuhq;> vl;tpd; xy;l;upd;> ikf;fy; nfhypd;]; vDk; tpz;ntsp tPuu;fs;. cyfNk md;W itj;j tpop thq;fhJ epfo;T ,lk;ngWk; tiu Nehf;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. Mdhy; ehk; md;W vkf;nfd ,Ue;j xNu ,yj;jpudpay; ,ae;jpukhd thndhyp %yk; tu;zidiaf; Nfl;L kNdh tpopfshy; Nehf;fpf; nfhz;bUe;Njhk;.

Afk; Afkhf khdpld; fz;l fdT ,d;Dk; rpy tpdhbfspy; epiwNtwg; NghfpwJ. mJ ,d;W New;W Vw;gl;l xU fdT my;y. miu E}w;whz;L fhyj;Jf;F Kd;Ng kdpjd; jz;kjpia ntw;wpnfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd jd; kjpia Kd;dpUj;jp nray;gl;lhd;. mg;gNyh 11 jdJ gazj;ij Muk;gpg;gjw;F Kd;du; re;jpuid mila kdpjd; Nkw;nfhz;l Kaw;rpfs; gw;wp rpwpJ myrpg; ghu;g;Nghk;.

md;W Ik;ngUk; ty;yRfspy; xd;whf tpsq;fpa Nrhtpaj; u\;ah 1957 k; Mz;L mf;Nlhgu; khjk; 04 k; jpfjp ];Gl;dpf; – 1 vDk; nra;kjpia thd;ntsp Nehf;fp ntw;wpfukhf VtpaNjhL nra;kjp Afk; Muk;gkhfpaJ vd;W $wyhk;. kdpjd; thd;ntspia nty;tjw;F fz;L tUk; fdit edthf;Fk; gpuaj;jdj;jpd; Kjy; iky; fy;yhf ,J fUjg;gl;lJ.

,ijj; njhlu;e;J 1957 etk;gu; khjk; 03 k; jpfjp Nrhtpaj; ehL ];Gl;dpf; – 2 I thd;ntspf;F VtpaJ ,jpy; xU tpNrlk; vd;dntd;why; ‘iyf;fh’ vdg; ngau; nfhz;l xU eha; ,jpy; gazk; nra;jJjhd;. thd;ntspf;F nrd;w KjyhtJ capupdk; vd;w ngUik ,jw;Ff; fpilj;jJ. vd;whYk; mjdhy; capNuhL G+kpf;F kPz;Lk; tu Kbatpy;iy. thA mKf;fk; fhuzkhf ,iltopapNyNa mJ kuzpj;Jtpl;lJ.

,jid mLj;J mnkupf;fh Nkw;nfhz;l xU Kaw;rpapd; gydhy; - Ngfu; - Mngy; Mfpa ngau; nfhz;l ,U Fuq;Ffis thd; ntspf;F mDg;gp capNuhL kPl;L rhjid gilj;jJ. ,j;Jld; mnkupf;fhTf;Fk; Nrhtpaj; u\;ahTf;Fk; ,ilNa re;jpuid ntw;wpnfhs;Sk; tpz;ntspg; Nghl;b Muk;gkhdJ.

1959 k; Mz;L mf;Nlhgu; khjk; 04 k; jpfjp u\;ah Y}dh - 3 vDk; nra;kjpia mDg;gp re;jpuid tyk;tur; nra;jJ. mjd; %yk; G+kpf;Fj; njd;glhj re;jpudpd; kW gFjpapd; Gifg;glq;fs; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;ld.

,jidj; njhlu;e;J Nrhtpaj; ehL Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;if cyfg; Gfo; tha;e;j xd;whf mike;jJ. 1961 k; Mz;L Vg;uy; khjk; 12 k; jpfjp tpz;ntspf;F Vtg;gl;l ‘nth];nlhf; – 1’ %yk; A+upffhupd; vd;w u\;a tPuu; cyif tyk; te;jhu;.

thd;ntspapy; rQ;rupj;j Kjy; kdpjd; vd;w ngau; ,tiuNa rhUk;. ,g;gazj;jpd;NghJ mtu; GtpaPu;g;G vy;iyapypUe;J 300 fpNyh kPl;lu; cauj;jpy; kzpf;F 27840 fpNyh kPl;lu; Ntfj;jpy; 89.1 epkpl Neuk; cyif tyk; te;j gpd; ey;yhNuhf;fpaj;NjhL kPz;Lk; G+kpf;Fj; jpUk;gpdhu;. kdpj tuyhw;wpy; mkuj;Jtehkj;ij Vw;gLj;jpa ,tu; 1968 k; Mz;L ,lk;ngw;w tpkhd tpgj;njhd;wpy; mtu; nfhy;yg;gl;lhu;. ,tu; 1968 k; Mz;bd; Muk;gj;jpy; jd; kidtp ntyd;bdh rfpjk; ,yq;iff;F tUif je;jikAk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

,tuJ thd;ntsp rQ;rhuj;Jf;F xU khjj;Jf;Fg; gpwF mnkupf;fhTk; vyd; gp n\g;gu;l; vd;gtiu thd;ntspf;F mDg;gp itj;jJ. Kjy; mnkupf;f thd;ntsp rQ;rhup vd ngau; ngw;w ,tu; cyif tyk;tuhky; 15 epkpl Neuk; kl;Lk; thd;ntspapy; jq;fp ,Ue;J kPz;lhu;.

,jid mLj;J Nrhtpaj; u\;ah NkYk; xU rhjidia epiyehl;baJ. 1963 k; Mz;L [_d; khjk; 16 k; jpfjp ‘nth];nlhf; – 6’ vDk; thD}u;jp %yk; Kjd; Kjyhf ntyd;bdh nju];Nfhth vDk; ngz;iz thdntspf;F mDg;gp itj;jJ. cyfpd; KjyhtJ ngz; thDyf rQ;rhupahd ,tu; 48 jlitfs; G+kpiar; Rw;wp tyk; te;jhu;. ,tiuj; njhlu;e;J 1965 k; Mz;L khu;r; khjk; 18 k; jpfjp Nrhtpaj; u\;ah ‘nth];nfhl; – 2’ %yk; vyf;]p ypaNdht; vDk; rQ;rhupiaAk; thd;ntspf;F mDg;gpaJ.

,jid mLj;J mnkupf;fh jdJ rhjidfis xd;wd;gpd; xd;whf Kd;itf;f Muk;gpj;jJ. 1968 k; Mz;L brk;gu; khjk; 21 k; jpfjp ej;jhu; tpba ehd;F jpdq;fSf;F Kd; mg;NghNyh - 8 %yk; tpQ;Qhdpfs; FOnthd;wpid re;jpu kz;lyj;Jf;F mDg;gp re;jpuid tyk; tur; nra;jJ. mtu;fs; epyh <u;g;G tyaj;Jf;Fs;spUe;J re;jpudpd; Nkw;gug;G gw;wpa tpguq;fs;> Gifg;glq;fs;> Neub njhiyf;fhl;rpg; glq;fs; vd;gtw;iw mDg;gp itj;jgpd; jha; kz;Zf;F jpUk;gpdu;.

,jD}lhff; fpilj;j jfty;fisAk; juTfisAk; mf;FNtwhf MzpNtwhf Muha;e;j tpz;ntsp Muha;r;rpahsu;fs; re;jpudpy; kdpjd; rQ;rupf;f KbAk; vd;w jPu;khdj;Jf;F te;jdu;. ,jw;fhd Vw;ghLfis MW khj fhyk; Nghtjw;F Kd; jahu;gLj;jpdu;. mJ 1969 k; Mz;L [{iy khjk; 16 k; jpfjp tpbe;Jk; tpbahjNtis ,Jtiu re;jpu kz;lyk; tiu kl;LNk nrd;W te;j tPuu;fs; ,g;NghJ re;jpuj; jiuapNy fhyb itf;f Mty; Nkypl JzpNthL> tPuj;NjhL> ngUikNahL gazj;ij Muk;gpf;ff; fhj;jpUe;jdu;.

,yq;if Neug;gb md;W ,uT 07 kzp 02 epkplkhfp ,Ue;jJ. ,ae;jpuj;jpy; jPg;nghwp gwe;jJ. mg;NghNyh 11 NkNy vOe;jJ. 364 mb cauKk; 3100 njhd; ghuk; nfhz;lJkhd ‘rl;lu;d; 5’ vDk; tpz;fyj;ijAk; mjDs; Jzpr;rNyhL mku;e;jpUe;j %d;W tPuu;fisAk; Rke;J nfhz;L gazj;ij Muk;gpj;jJ. ‘mg;NghNyh 11’ kzpf;F 17400 iky; Ntfj;jpy; Nky;Nehf;fpg; gwe;J 12 epkpl Neuj;jpy; GtpaPu;g;G rf;jpapdpd;Wk; tpLgl;lJ.

md;W ,uT 9.46 kzpastpy; kzpj;jpahyak; 24>500 iky; Ntfj;jpy; re;jpuid Nehf;fpa ghijapy; gazpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. tpQ;Qhdpfs; G+kpapypUe;jthW mq;F elg;gtw;iw fzdpapy; ghu;j;Jk; gjpT nra;Jnfhz;LkpUe;jdu;. nuhf;fl;bdJk;> tpz; fhyj;jpdJk; fl;Lg;ghl;L ,ae;jpuq;fSk; ,tu;fsJ iffspNyNa ,Ue;jd. mit rPuhf ,aq;fpd. [{iy 16 k; jpfjp gazj;ij Muk;gpj;j mg;NghNyh 11 [{iy 20 k; jpfjp tiu re;jpu tl;lg; ghijapy; mjid neUq;fp Muha;r;rpfis Nkw;nfhz;L jfty;fis `{];ld; kj;jpa epiyaj;Jf;F nra;jpahfTk; glkhfTk; mDg;gpa tz;zNk ,Ue;jJ.

`{];;ld; kj;jpa epiya fl;Lg;ghl;liw Xa;tpd;wp ,aq;fpf; nfhz;Nl ,Ue;jJ. ,d;Dk; xU rpy kzp Neuj;jpy; kdpj r%fj;jpd; khngUk; gha;r;ry; epfog; NghfpwJ. mg;gNyh - 11,d; nfhyk;gpah fyj;jpy; ,Ue;J <fps; fyk; gpupe;J ePy; Mk;];Nuhq;> vl;tpd; xy;l;upd; MfpNahu; rfpjk; re;jpu kz;zpy; ,wq;fg; NghfpwJ. cyfshtpa uPjpapy; xyp xspgug;ghd tu;zidfSk;> tz;zg; glq;fSk; cyfkhe;ju; kj;jpapy; Mtiy mjpfupf;fr; nra;Jnfhz;bUe;jd.

mJ 1969 k; Mz;L [{iy khjk; 21 k; jpfjp ,yq;if Neuk; fhiy 08.26 re;jpuj; jiuapNy kdpjdpd; KjyhtJ fhyb vLj;J itf;fg;gLfpwJ. Kjy; fhupakhf mnkupf;fhtpd; Njrpaf; nfhb re;jpu kz;zpNy Vw;wp itf;fg;gLfpwJ. re;jpudpy; ,wq;fpa Kjy; kdpjd; ePy; Mk;];l;Nuhq; jd; ehl;Lf;Fk; kdpj rKjhaj;Jf;Fk; Gfbl;bj; je;Jtpl;lhu;. ,jidj; njhlu;e;J itf;fg;gl;l kdpjf; fhyb vl;tpd; xy;l;upd; cilaJ. ,UtUk; ,ize;J re;jpuj; jiuia Muha;fpwhu;fs;. mq;Nf fw;fisAk;> kz;izAk; Nrfupj;J G+kpf;F vLj;Jtuj; jahuhfpwhu;fs;.

mg;NghNyh - 11 %d;W ntt;NtW gpupTfis cs;slf;fpaJ. epyhg; gazj;Jf;fhd rf;jpiag; ngw;Wf;nfhLf;Fk; nuhf;fl;> %tu; xd;whfg; gazpf;Fk; igyl; miw cs;slq;fpa rhjdk;. ,J ‘nfhyk;gpah’ vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. %d;whtJ gpupT re;jpudpy; jiuapwq;Fk; gpupT ,J ‘<fps;’ vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. re;jpudpy; ,wq;fpa ,tu;fs; <u;g;G tpir Fiwthd mj; jiuapy; Fjpj;J Fjpj;J ele;jij kf;fs; GJikahfg; ghu;j;jhu;fs;. njhiyNehf;fpfs; kw;Wk; gupNrhjid cgfuzq;fisg; nghUj;Jfpd;wdu;. glk; gpbj;J clDf;Fld; `{];ld; epiyaj;Jf;F mDg;Gfpd;wdu;.

re;jpuj; jiuapNy ,j;jidAk; ele;Jnfhz;bUf;f %d;whtJ tPuu; ikf;fy; nfhypd;]; vq;Nf vd;W Nfl;fpau;fsh? ez;gu;fs; ,UtUk; jk; flikfis epiwNtw;wptpl;Lj; jpUk;gp tUk; tiu nfhyk;gpah fyj;ij ,af;fpatz;zk; re;jpuid tyk;te;J nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;. re;jpuid ntd;w tPuu;fis ghJfhg;NghL mnkupf;f kz;zplk; kPz;Lk; xg;gilf;Fk; ghupa nghWg;G mtuplNk cs;sJ.

tpQ;Qhd Afj;jpd; cr;rfl;l epfo;T epiwNtwptpl;lJ. tpz;ntsp tPuu;fs; epytpypUe;J mfo;e;j fy;iyAk; kz;izAk; kl;Lky;y epidtpypUe;J mfyhj ngaiuAk; GfioAk; Rke;j tz;zk; kPz;Lk; jha; kz;zpNy te;J fhyb itj;jdu;. xU rfhg;jk; epiwTw;wJ. ,J epiwNtwp ehd;F jrhg;jq;fs; Mfptpl;ld. vdpDk; ,d;W elg;gJ Nghy; md;iwa epfo;Tfs; vk; kdj;jpiuapy; epoyhLfpd;wJ.

,e;j rhjidapd; gpd;dUk; tpQ;Qhdpfs; nksdkhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; re;jpuDf;F nrd;Wk; jhdpaq;fp ,ae;jpuq;fis mDg;gpAk; gy;Jiw Muha;r;rpfisAk; Nkw;nfhz;l tz;zk; ,Ue;jdu;. 1969 k; Mz;L etk;gu; khjk; 19 k; jpfjp mg;NghNyh - 12 re;jpuDf;F nrd;W te;jJ. gpd;du; 1970 k; Mz;by; nrd;w mg;NghNyh 13 re;jpuid tyk; te;jNghJ Vw;gl;l NfhshW fhuzkhf jpUk;gpte;J jiu ,wq;fpaJ. ,jid mLj;J re;jpuid Nehf;fp mg;NghNyh - 14 > 15> 16> 17 Mfpa tpz;fyq;fs; re;jpudpd; gy;NtW gFjpfspy; ,wq;fpd. 1972k; Mz;NlhL re;jpud; gw;wpa Kjw;fl;l Muha;r;rp eltbf;iffs; epiwTnra;ag;gl;ld.

G+kpapy; njd;gLk; Nfhs;fspy; xd;W R+upad; kw;iwaJ re;jpud;. G+kpf;Fk; re;jpuDf;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s J}uk; Rkhu; 384403 fpNyh kPl;lu;fshFk;. ,jd; Rw;Wtl;l msT 3480 fpNyh kPl;lu;fs; vd fzf;fplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,J G+kpiar; Rw;wptUk; rhjhuz Ntfk; kzpf;F 3700 fpNyh kPl;lu;fshFk;. re;jpud; xUKiw G+kpiar; Rw;wptu 27 ehl;fSk; 07 kzpj;jpahyq;fSk;> 43 epkplq;fSk; vLf;fpwJ G+kpapYs;s kf;fSf;F gy tbtq;fspy; re;jpud; njd;gLfpwJ. re;jpud; xU ehspy; njd;gLk; mNj tbtj;jpy; kPz;Lk; njd;gl 29 ehl;fSk; 12 kzpj;jpahyq;fSk; 44 epkplq;fSk; vLf;Fkhk;. vg;NghJk; re;jpudpd; xU gFjpf;F khj;jpuNk R+upadpd; xsp glu;fpwJ. G+kpf;F njd;gLtJk; re;jpudpd; xU gFjp khj;jpuNk. Vnddpy; re;jpuidg; NghyNt G+kpAk; jd;idj;jhNd Rw;wp tUtJ jhd; ,jw;Ff; fhuzkhk;.

tpQ;Qhdpfs; Nkw;nfhz;l Muha;r;rpfspd; mbg;gilapy; re;jpudpd; taJ 4.6 gpy;ypad; tUlq;fshFk; vd kjpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,t;tsT gioik tha;e;j re;jpuid ntw;wpnfhz;L jhd; kdpjd; rhjid epiyehl;b cs;shd;.

(ed;wp: ,izaj;jsk;)