gok; ngUk; fk;A+dp];l; jiytu; N[hjpghR kuzk;

khu;f;rp];l; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapd; KJngUk; jiytUk;> Nkw;Ftq;f khepy Kd;dhs; Kjyikr;rUkhd N[hjpghR cly;eyf;FiwT fhuzkhf ,d;W nfhy;fj;jh kUj;Jtkidapy; fhykhdhu;.mtUf;F taJ 96. khu;f;rp];l; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapd; kpf %j;j jiytuhd N[hjp ghRtpd; cly;epiy Nkhr kile;jij njhlu;e;J fle;j 1e; Njjp mtu; nfhy;fj;jhtpy; cs;s Vvk;Mu;I kUj;Jtkidapy; Nru;f;fg;gl;lhu;. 96 tajhd  mtUf;F jPtpu rpfpr;ir mspf;fg;gl;ljd; gadhf ,ilapy; XusTf;F cly;eyk; rPuhdJ. Mdhy; mjd; gpwF fle;j ,U ehl;fshf mtuJ cly;epiy Nkhrkile;jJ.

,jdhy;  EiuaPuy;> rpWePufk;> ,jak;> <uy; Mfpa mtuJ midj;J Kf;fpa  cs; cWg;GfSk; nray; ,oe;Jtpl;ljhy; mtUf;F KO mstpy; nraw;if Rthrk; mspf;fg;gl;lJ. mtuJ cly;eyk; Nkhrkhdij njhlu;e;J gpujku; kd;Nkhfd; rpq; cs;spl;l murpay; jiytu;fs; kUj;Jt kidf;F Neupy; nrd;W mtuJ cly;eyk; Fwpj;J lhf;lu;fsplk; tprhupj;J mwpe;jdu;. ,e;j epiyapy; mtuJ ,jaj; Jbg;G kpfTk; Fiwe;J mgha fl;lj;ij vl;bajhf kUj; Jtkid jfty;fs; njuptpj;jd. ,e;j epiyapy; N[hjpghR ,d;W kUj;Jtkidapy; rpfpr;ir gydpd;wp kuzkile;jhu;.

tho;f;if Fwpg;G:

KJngUk; khu;f;rp];l; jiytuhd N[hjpghR 1914k; Mz;L nfhy;fj;jhtpy; gpwe;jhu;. N[hjpu; ,e;jpuhghR vd;gJ mtuJ KO ngauhFk;. fhdh vd;W md;Gld; miof;fg;gl;l mtu; gl;lg; gbg;ig Kbj;j gpwF ghup];lu; gl;lk; ngWtjw;fhf 1935k; Mz;L ,q;fpyhe;J nrd;whu;.   mjd; gpwF  gbg;ig Kbj;j gpd; ,e;jpah jpUk;gpa mtu; 1940k; Mz;L ghre;jp Nfhi\ jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lhu;. 1942k; Mz;Nl ghre;jp Nfh\; kuzk; mile;jhu;. mjd; gpwF 1948k; Mz;L fky;ghRit N[hjpghR jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lhu;. ,tu;fSf;F 1951k; Mz;L xU ngz; Foe;ij gpwe;jJ. me;j Foe;ij gpwe;j rpy ehl;fspNyNa tapw;Wg;Nghf;fhy; capupoe;jJ. ,jidaLj;J Nfhfh vd;w Mz; Foe;ij 1952k; Mz;L gpwe;jJ. jw;NghJ re;jd; vd;W mtu; mwpag;gLfpwhu;.

1936k; Mz;L Kjy; 1940 tiu ,q;fpyhe;jpy; ,Ue;jNghJ ,e;jpa khztu;fis xUq;fpizf;Fk; gy;NtW eltbf;iffspy; N[hjpghR <Lgl;lhu;.,e;jpah jpUk;gpaJk; ,e;jpa fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapy; cWg;gpd uhd ,tu; rpwe;j njhopw;rq;f thjpahfTk; jpfo;e;jhu;. 1943k; Mz;L eilngw;w  ,e;jpa fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapd; khehl;by; khfhz fkpl;b mikg;ghsuhf  mtu; Nju;e;njLf; fg;gl;lhu;. 1946k; Mz;L mtUf;F kfhj;kh fhe;jpabfSld; njhlu;G Vw;gl;lJ. 1951k; Mz;L ,e;jpa fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapd; kPjhd jil tpyf;fpf; nfhs;sg;gl;l NghJ fl;rpapd; tq;fnkhop  gj;jpupifahd Rje;jpehlhtpd; Mrpupau; FO jiytuhdhu;.

,e;jpa fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapy; gpsT Vw;gl;lij njhlu;e;J mtu; khu;f;rp];l; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpapy; Nru;e;J mjd; kj;jpa fkpl;b kw;Wk; nghypl;gPNuhTf;F Nju;e;njLf;fg; gl;lhu;. mJ Kjy; ,Wjp tiu mtu; ,e;j ,U gjtpfspYk; ,Ue;J te;jhu;.

vk;vy;V gjtp:

1946k; Mz;L nuapy;Nt njhFjpapy; ,Ue;J mtu; Kjy; Kiwahf tq;fhs rl;lkd;wj;jpw;F cWg;gpduhf Nju;e;njLf;fg; gl;lhu;. mJ Kjy; Nkw;F tq;f rl;lkd;wj;jpy; njhlu;e;J cWg;gpduhf ,Ue;Jte;j ghR 1972 Kjy; 77 tiuapyhd FWfpa fhyj;jpw;F kl;Lk; cWg;gpduhf ,y;iy.1971k; Mz;L tiu mtu; ghuh efu; njhFjp cWg;gpduhf ,Ue;jhu;. 1977k; Mz;L mtu; jdJ njhFjpia khw;wpf; nfhz;L rl;fhl;rpah njhFjpapy; ,Ue;J Nghl;bapl;lhu;.

Kjyikr;ru; gjtp:

1967k; Mz;L mtu; Nkw;F tq;f Jiz Kjy;tuhdhu;. mg;NghJ mtuplk; epjp kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;J ,yhfhf;fs; ,Ue;jd.  1969k; Mz;L 2tJ Kiwahf ,lJrhupfs; Kd;dzp mikj;j mikr;ruitapy; mtu; kPz;Lk; Jiz Kjy;tuhf nghWg;G tfpj;jhu;. mg;NghJ mtuplk; nghJ epu;thfk;> cs;Jiw kw;Wk; fhty;Jiw nghWg;Gfs; toq;fg;gl;ld.

1977k; Mz;L ele;j Nju;jYf;F gpwF ,lJrhupfs; mikr;ru itf;F mtu; Kjyikr;ruhf jiyik nghWg;ig Vw;whu;. mJ Kjy; 2000k; Mz;L etk;gu; khjk; 3e; Njjp tiu Rkhu; 23 Mz;LfSf;F mtu; njhlu;e;J 5 Kiw Nkw;Ftq;f Kjyikr;ruhf nghWg;G tfpj;jhu;.  ,jd; %yk; ,e;jpahtpNyNa ePz;l fhyj;jpw;F Kjyikr;ruhf gjtp tfpj;jtu; N[hjpghR kl;Lk;jhd; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. 2000k; Mz;L mtu; jhkhfNt Kd;te;J Kjy;tu; gjtpapy; ,Ue;J tpyfpdhu;.

Gj;jfq;fs;:

khu;f;rp];l; fl;rpapd; KJngUk; jiytuhd ,tu; fl;rp gj;jpupif fspYk;> ,jo;fspYk; gy;NtW fl;Liufis vOjpapUf;fpwhu;.  ngUk;ghYk; tq;f nkhopapyhd mtuJ fl;Liufs; 5 njhFg;G fshf njhFf;fg;gl;L ntspaplg; gl;Ls;sd.jd;Dila tho;f;if epidTfis murpay; tho;f;if tuyhwhfTk; mtu; vOjp cs;shu;. jiytu;fs;,uq;fy;:N[hjpghRtpd; kiwTf;F [dhjpgjp gpujPgh ghl;By;> gpujku; kd;Nkhfd;rpq;> fhq;fpu]; jiytu; Nrhdpah fhe;jp cs;spl;l gy;NtW jiytu;fs; ,uq;fy; njuptpj;J cs;sdu;.