cs;ehl;Lg; NghUf;Fg; gpd;duhd murpay; R+o;epiyapy; kf;fs; Kd;dhy; cs;s khu;f;fk;  - bA+ FzNrfuh

1982 Mk; Mz;L [dhjpgjpj; Nju;jypd; NghJ =yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapd; [dhjpgjp Ntl;ghsu; n`f;lu; nfhg;NgfLtTf;F Mjuthf ehd; aho;g;ghzj;Jf;F tp[ak; nra;Njd;. ,d;W Vwf;Fiwa 27 Mz;Lfspd; gpd;du; epk;kjp> czu;r;rp> gputhfk; ngUkfpo;r;rpNahL Njhou;fs; kj;jpapy; ciuahw;WfpNwd;. mt;Ntisapy;> fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp khj;jpuNk n`f;lu; nfhg;NgfLtit Mjupj;jJ. mg;Nghija [dhjpgjp N[.Mu;.[atu;jd> Fkhu; nghd;dk;gyk;> fyhepjp nfhy;tpd; Mu;.b.rpy;th> thRNjt ehzaf;fhu> Nuh`z tpN[tPu MfpNahu; [dhjpgjpj; Nju;jy; fsj;jpy; ,wq;fpapUe;jdu;.

aho;g;ghzk;> tTdpah khtl;lq;fisr; Nru;e;j tl gFjp kf;fs; vkJ md;ghd miog;ig Vw;W n`f;lu; nfhg;NgfLt mtu;fSf;F Mff;$ba tpUg;G thf;Ffis mspj;jhu;fs; vd;gJ ,d;dKk; vdf;F epidtpy; ,Uf;fpwJ. mtUf;F 10>0521 thf;Ffis kf;fs; mspj;jdu;. Fkhu; nghd;dk;gyk; 98>784 thf;Ffisg; ngw;whu;. N[.Mu;.[atu;jdTf;F 77>614 thf;Ffs; fpilj;jd. tl gFjpapy; nry;Ygbahd thf;Ffspy; 67 rjtPjkhdit rpq;fs Ntl;ghsu;fSf;F MjuthfNt fpilj;jd. murpay; rpj;jhe;j NtWghLfs; ,Ue;j NghjpYk; Njrpa If;fpak; epytpa fhyfl;lk; mJ. kf;fs; kl;lj;jpy; ghu;j;jhy; Njrpa If;fpaKk; r%f xw;WikAk; cr;r epiyapy; ,Ue;jd. ,e;j If;fpaj;ijj; jfu;j;njwpe;J 1983 Mk; Mz;bd; Mbf; fytuk;. fle;j 26 Mz;Lfshf ,yq;ifapd; ghyq;fSf;Ff; fPo; ,uj;j MW ngUf;nfLj;Njhbw;W.

,d;W ehk; tl gFjpapy; kPz;Lk; murpaYf;F te;jpUf;fpNwhk;. Mdhy;> KOikahd ek;gpf;ifAld; ,e;jg; Gz;fis Mw;Wfpd;w rkur ,zf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jfpd;w ,e;jf; fhyfl;lj;jpd;NghJ tUj;jk; Njha;e;j nfhLikahd fle;j fhyj;ij epidTgLj;jpg; ghu;f;fTk; ehd; tpUk;gtpy;iy.

,e;jr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; tl gFjpapy; fk;A+dp];l; ,af;fj;ij ];jhgpj;J fl;b tsu;j;j ngUikf;Fupa cd;djj; jiytu;fis kupahijAlDk; nfsutj;JlDk; epidT$UtJ vdJ flik. Njhou;fs; j.Jiurpq;fk;> V.itj;jpaypq;fk;> nghd;.fe;ijah> v];.n[arpq;fk;> vd;.rz;Kfjhrd;> m.mupauj;dk;> tp.nghd;dk;gyk;> vk;.fhu;j;jpNfrd;> v];.gp.eluh[h> vk;.rp.Rg;gpukzpak; MfpNahNu tlf;fpy; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpia tsu;j;J Ngh\pj;jhu;fs;. jiyrpwe;j njhopw;rq;fj; jiytu;fshd Nf.rp.epj;jpahde;jh> rp.Fkhurhkp> nghd;.Fkhurhkp> v];.nry;iyah> v];.fjpuNty;> Nf.etul;zk;> v];.tp[ahde;jd; MfpNahu; ,lJrhup ,af;fj;Jld; ,ize;jpUe;jdu;.

tl gFjpiag; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;j %d;W ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdu;fisf; nfhz;bUe;j xNunahU ,lJrhupf; fl;rp fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp khj;jpuNk. nghd;.fe;ijah> vk;.rp.Rg;gpukzpak;> Nf.etuj;jpdk; MfpNahu; ntt;NtW fhyq;fspy; ,e;jg; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij tfpj;jdu;.

Mdhy;> ,lJrhup ,af;fj;jpd; Njhw;wk; 1920 Mk; Mz;Lfis Nehf;fpr; nry;fpd;wJ. MrpahtpYk; Mgpupf;fhtpYk; yj;jPd; mnkupf;fhtpYk; Njr tpNkhrd kdg; Nghuhl;lj;Jf;F fl;bak; $wpa 1917 Mk; Mz;bd; kfj;jhd mf;Nlhgu; Nrh\yprg; Gul;rp gw;wpa nra;jpia ntspAyFf;Fj; njupag;gLj;jpa KjyhtJ ,yq;ifau; nghd;dk;gyk; mUzhr;ryk; mtu;fNs vd;gJ xU rpyUf;F khj;jpuNk njupe;j cz;ik.

,e;jg; gpd;dzpapy; n`d;b Ngupd;gehafk; jiyikapy; aho;g;ghzk; khztu; fhq;fpu]{k; gpd;du; aho;g;ghzk; ,isQu; fhq;fpu]{k; 1924 Mk; Mz;by; jPu;f;fkhd Ntiyj;jpl;lj;Jld; cUthfpd. 1931 Mk; Mz;by; mfpy ,yq;if ,isQu; fhq;fpu];> 1933 R+upa kyu; ,af;fk; Mfpad gpwg;ngLj;jd. ,it KOikahd Rje;jpuj;Jf;fhd Nghuhl;lj;jpd; NkYk; tsu;r;rpfNs.

1935 Mk; Mz;by; KjyhtJ ,lJrhupf; fl;rp cUthdJ. mJ yq;fh rkrkh[f; fl;rp. gpd;du; 1943 Mk; Mz;by; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp cUthfpw;W. ,it vy;yhk; ,lJrhup ,af;fj;jpd; rpj;jhu;e;j jpir topiaf; nfhz;l ePbg;Gfs; jhd;.

26 Mz;L fhyk; ePbj;jpUe;j Aj;jj;Jf;Fg; gpd;du; ehk; ,d;W aho;g;ghzj;jpy; re;jpf;fpd;Nwhk;. 30 Mz;Lfshfg; gaq;futhjk; epytpaJ. ,e;jf; fhyfl;lj;jpd; NghJ ele;j rk;gtq;fisapl;L vtUk; kfpo;r;rp mila KbahJ. tpiykjpf;f Kbahj capu;fs; gypahfpd. nrhj;Jfs; mope;jd. nghUshjhuk; rPu;Fiye;jJ. kf;fspd; Fwpg;ghf rKjhaj;jpy; fPo; kl;lj;jpy; cs;stu;fsJ Jd;g> Jauq;fs; ePbj;Jf; nfhz;NlapUe;jd. fyhrhuk; rPu;Fiye;jJ. td;Kiwf; fyhrhuk; jiyJ}f;fpaJ. ey;yhl;rp tPo;r;rp fz;lJ. Njrpa xw;WikAk; xUikg;ghLk; Kw;whf mope;jd. tlf;fpYk; njw;fpYk; FWfpa Njrpa ,dntwp jiyJ}f;fpaJ. ghjhs cyfk; Njhd;wpaJ. ,it vy;yhk; mjd; gpd;du; epfo;e;j rk;gtq;fspd; cw;gtpg;Gfs;> cg cw;gtpg;Gfspd; tpisTfNs.

ehk; ,oe;Jtpl;l rKfj; jiytu;fSf;Nfh my;yJ vkJ Njrkhd ,yq;ifapd; fjpg;Nghf;fpw;F topfhl;ba Ml;rpahsu;fSf;Nfh ehd; mtkupahij nra;a khl;Nld;. ,g;Nghija fhyfl;lk; Gz;fis Mw;WtJk; rkurkhd ,zf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;JtJk; jhd;. Jujpu;\;ltrkhd rk;gtq;fis ehd; fpsw tpUk;gtpy;iy. Mdhy;> ehk; kwf;f Kbahj tuyhw;W cz;ikfs; cs;sd. ,e;jg; Nguoptpy; ,Ue;J kPz;Lk; Kd;Ndhf;fpr; nry;y Ntz;Lkhdhy; ehk; epr;rakhff; fw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;ba ghlq;fs; cs;sd. ehk; mtw;iw kd;dpj;Jk; tplyhk;. tuyhw;iwf; fw;gtd; vd;w Kiwapy; gpd;Ndhf;fpg; ghu;j;jhy; Rje;jpuk; ngw;w fhyk; Kjy; vkJ jiytu;fs; Njrj;ijf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; flikf;Fj; jiyik jhq;fj; jtwptpl;ldu; vd;gij ehd; $wpNa MfNtz;Lk;. tuyhW vkf;F mNef re;ju;g;gq;fis toq;fpw;W. ehk; mit midj;ijAk; jtwtpl;L tpl;Nlhk;. ,d;W tiuapYk; $l vkJ Njhy;tpf;Fj; Njrpa fUj;njhw;Wik ,y;yhikNa gpujhd fhuzkhf ,Ue;J te;Js;sJ.

,yq;if fk;A+dp];l; fl;rpiag; nghWj;jtiuapy;> Njrpa ,dg; gpur;rpidia mjd; fUj;jikg;gpy; ,Ue;Nj ehk; ,dq;fz;Nlhk;. cz;ikapy; gpuNjr Rahl;rp fUj;jikg;G. mjhtJ ,d;iwa gpd;Gyj;jpy; mjpfhug; gutyhf;fk;>rkfhy murpaYf;F vkJ fl;rpahNyNa mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. mJ r%f>nghUshjhu>fyhrhu vjhu;j;jq;fspd; tpQ;QhdG+u;tkhd gFg;gha;itAk; ru;tNjr mDgtj;ijAk; mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ.

Rje;jpuk; ngw;wJ Kjy; Ml;rpapy; ,Ue;JtUk; Kjyhspj;Jtf; fl;rpfs; ,e;j vjhu;j;jq;fisg; Gupe;Jnfhs;sj; jtwpd. mw;gkhd> FWfpa murpay; eyd;fshy; ,Oj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;ld. mit Njr epu;khzf; flikapy; vkJ tuyhw;W G+u;tkhd nghWg;Gzu;itf; ifJwe;jd.

tl gFjpapy; jkpo;f; fhq;fpu];>jkpouRf; fl;rp Mfpatw;wpd; Kjyhspj;Jtj; jkpo;j; jiytu;fisg; nghWj;j tiuapYk; $l ,JNt cz;ik. mtu;fs; murpay; Jiwapy; xU gioiktha;e;j my;yJ gpw;Nghf;fhd gq;if tfpj;jhu;fs;. mtu;fsJ FWfpa tu;f;f eyd;fSf;fhd flikfSf;F Kd;Dupik nfhLj;jdu;.

Njrpa uPjpapy; mtu;fs; midtUk; gpw;Nghf;fhd gioik tha;e;j murpay; epiyg;ghLfis ,dq;fhl;bdu;. mtu;fs; Kw;Nghf;fhd vy;yhtw;iwAk; vjpu;j;jdu;. ,t;tpjk; njd;gFjp kf;fsplk; ,Ue;J jk;ik me;epag;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ldu;.

Njrpa ,dg;gpur;rpidf;F xU jPu;itf; fhzj; jtwpaik. 1980 Mk; Mz;Lfspd; NghJ jkpo; kf;fspd; murpay; jiyikj;Jtj;jpy; G+u;\;thtpypUe;J Fl;b G+u;\;thTf;F khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jpw;W.

Jujpu;\;ltrkhf Fl;b G+u;\;thf;fspd; tyJrhupg; gpupT jiyikg; nghWg;ig Vw;wJ. gpd;du; jkpo; kf;fspd; Vfg; gpujpepjpahf mJ jdf;Fj; jhNd Nfhupf;if tpLj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. mJ mjpjPtpu Njrpa thjk; khj;jpukd;wp> FWfpa Njrpa ,dntwp mbg;gilapYk; td;Kiw> gaq;futhjk;>gpuptpidthjk; vd;w ghijapy; gpuNtrpj;jJ.

Njrpa xw;Wikf;fhfTk; [dehaf topapyhd mgptpUj;jpf;fhfTk; If;fpa ,yq;ifapd; fl;likTf;Fs; murpay; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; Kd;te;j ,lJrhupf; fl;rpfs; midj;Jk; Xuq;fl;lg;gl;ld. my;yJ mopf;fg;gl;ld. kpjthj G+u;\;th jiytu;fs; $l tpl;L itf;fg;gltpy;iy. kf;fs; kl;lj;jpYk; Kw;Nghf;Fr; rf;jpfs; kl;lj;jpYk; tlf;Ff;Fk; njw;fpw;Fk; ,ilapyhd ghyk; jfu;e;jJ. fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp>yq;fh rkrkh[f; fl;rp Mfpa ,lJrhup ,af;fj;ijr; Nru;e;j ehKk; Muk;gk; KjNy Njrpa rpWghd;ik ,dq;fspd; Nehf;fq;fSf;fhfTk; Njrpa xw;Wikf;fhfTk; ehl;lk; nfhz;bUe;Njhk;. 13 MtJ jpUj;jj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;fhfj; jkJ capiuf; nfhLj;jtu;fs; $l tpl;L itf;fg;gltpy;iy. gy;NtW kl;lq;fspYk; gy;NtW Jiwfspy; ,Ue;j vkJ jiytu;fspy; 54 Ngu; kf;fs; tpLjiy Kd;dzpapdhYk; jkpoPo tpLjiyg;GypfshYk; nfhy;yg;gl;ldu;.

mf;Fu];] Jaur; rk;gtj;jpy; vy;.uP.uP.apdUf;F gypf;flhthd Ie;J Ngu; vkJ fl;rpapd; ,sk; khtl;lj; jiytu;fs;> ,tu;fs; Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; gpujpepjpfs;.

kf;fs; tpLjiy Kd;dzp er;Rj;jd;ik tha;e;j jkpo; tpNuhj> ,e;jpa tpNuhj>vy;.uP.uP.<.tpNuhj murpay; epiyg;ghLfisf; nfhz;bUe;j NghjpYk; mjd; kPJ vy;.uP.uP.<. if itf;fhjJ tpag;Gf;Fupa ku;kkhd tuyhw;W cz;ikahFk;. ,U gf;fq;fisAk; Nru;e;j mjpjPtputhjpfs; jkJ gu];gu ,af;fj;Jf;F capu; tho;Tf;Fkhf xUtiu xUtu; Ngh\pj;Jk; Nghw;wp tsu;j;Jk; te;jpUg;gjw;F tuyhW cz;ikapNyNa rhd;W gfu;fpd;wJ.

fle;j 30 Mz;Lfspd; NghJ njw;fpYs;s FWfpa Njrpa ,dntwpau;fSk; tlf;fpYs;s FWfpa Njrpa ,dntwpau;fSk; ,lJrhup ,af;fk;>Kw;Nghf;Fr; rf;jpfisf; fhl;bNa capu; gpioj;jdu;. rPtpj;jdu;>nrOikaile;jdu;. ,t;tpjk; ehL kpjthjk;>xw;Wik>If;fpa czu;it ,oe;jJ.

vkJ fl;rp mjpfhuj;ijf; ifg;gw;Wtjw;fhd xU khu;f;fkhfg; gaq;futhjj;ijNah> td;KiwiaNah xUNghJk; ehbajpy;iy. mJNghyNt> vkJ Nehf;fq;fis Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;tjw;fhff; fhilj;jdk;>.Jd;GWj;jp ,zq;f itj;jy;>td;nray; Mfpatw;iwf; ifahz;ljpy;iy.

vkJ fl;rp vg;NghJNk ehl;Lg;gw;W kpf;fjhf tpsq;fp te;Js;sJ. rk mstpy; vkJ fl;rp ru;tNjrpa thj fl;rp ehk; kdpjj;Jtj;ijg; gw;wpg; gpioj;jpUg;gjhy; ehl;Lg; gw;Wk; ru;tNjrpa xNu ehzaj;jpd; ,U gf;fq;fshf tpsq;Ffpd;wd.

ehk; Nrh\yprf; fUj;jikg;ig ,e;j ehl;by; mwpKfg;gLj;jpNdhk;. mJNghyNt vkJ ehl;Lf;Fr; Nrh\ypr ehLfis mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJk; vkJ fl;rpjhd; vd;gJk; rk mstpy; cz;ikahFk;. Ruz;Lfpd;w epyTilikapd; gpJuhu;[pjkhd rhjp Kiwf;F vjpuhfj; njw;fpYk; tlf;fpYk; Nghuhl;lq;fis Kd;ndLj;jJk; vkJ fl;rpjhd;.

ehk; vkJ kf;fis mwpnthsp kpf;ftu;fshf;fpNdhk;. mtu;fspd; kdq;fspypUe;J khiafisAk; %lek;gpf;iffisAk; fise;Njhk;. ,g;NghJ Aj;jk; KbTf;F te;Jtpl;lJ. tuyhW kw;WnkhU re;ju;g;gj;ij nghd;dhd re;ju;g;gj;ij vkf;F toq;fpapUf;fpwJ. mJ>Njrpa xw;Wikf;Fg; NghuhLtJk; mePjpiaAk; ghugl;rj;ijAk; KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L tUtJk; rkj;Jtk;>r%fePjp>mgptpUj;jp Mfpatw;iw cWjp nra;tJk; MFk;.

Aj;jk; Kbtile;j Ntisapy;>tl khfhzj;jpd; nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp 2.9 rjtPjk; khj;jpuNk. Aj;j tyaj;Jf;F mzpj;jhfTs;s tl>kj;jpa>Cth khfhzq;fspd; nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp 4 rjtPjNk. Nghupd; tpisT tlf;Ff;Fk; fpof;Ff;Fk; khj;jpuk; kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;ljhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. MapDk;> Nky; khfhzk; nkhj;jj; Njrpa cw;gj;jpapy; 51 rjtPjj;ijg; ngw;wJ. ,jw;F Aj;jk; khj;jpuk; fhuzky;y. If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rpapd; etjhuhsthjf; nfhs;ifAk; xU fhuzk;.

Mdhy;> fpuhkpag; nghUshjhuj;ij tpahgpg;gJ>gpuNjr mgptpUj;jp> cl;fl;likg;G mgptpUj;jp> rpwpa kw;Wk; eLj;ju mstpyhd njhopyfq;fs; mikj;jy; Mfpatw;wpd; %ykhf fle;j ehd;F Mz;L fhyf; nfhs;if khw;wj;jpdhy; ,e;j epiyik khw;wkile;Js;sJ.

,jd; fhuzkhfNt tlf;F>fpof;fpy; cl;fl;likg;G mgptpUj;jpf;F ehk; Mff;$ba Kd;Dupikiaf; nfhLf;fpd;Nwhk;. rptpy; epu;thfj;ij kPz;Lk; Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. mbkl;lj;jpYs;s epWtdq;fSf;Fj; jkJ jiytu;fisj; njupT nra;Ak; tha;g;G kf;fSf;F mspf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

mikr;ruitapy; ,Uf;Fk; fk;A+dp];l; fl;rp cWg;gpdu; vd;w tifapy; mur fUk nkhopia eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; vdJ mikr;R Jzpr;ryhd>jPu;f;fkhd eltbf;iffisj; Jupjkhf Nkw;nfhz;lJ.

mikr;Rfs;>jpizf;fsq;fs;>cs;Shuhl;rp kd;wq;fs; Mfpatw;wpy; mur fUknkhopf; nfhs;ifia eilKiwg;gLj;JtJ njhlu;ghf tu;j;jkhdp mwptpj;jy; ntspaplg;gl;lJ. ,J mur fUk nkhopfs; nfhs;ifia eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd nghWg;ig xg;gilg;gJ>nkhop eilKiwg;gLj;jy;> gpujhd mYtyupd; nghWg;G>nkhop eilKiwg;gLj;jy; mYtyupd; nghWg;G Mfpatw;iw tiuaWj;Jf; $Wfpd;wJ.

mur fUk nkhopf; nfhs;ifapd; eilKiwg;gLj;jYf;fhd nghWg;ig xg;gilg;gJ gw;wpa mwpf;ifapd; %yk; ,e;j tu;j;jkhdp mwptpj;jiy nghJ epu;thf mikr;R eilKiwg;gLj;Jk;.

,t;thW ,e;jf; nfhs;ifia eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; mikr;Rfspy; mtw;wpd; nrayhsu;fSk; jpizf;fsq;fSf;F mtw;wpd; jiytu;fSk; khfhz rigfSf;F gpujk nrayhsu;fSk; khfhz mikr;RfSf;F mtw;wpd; nrayhsu;fSk; khfhzj; jpizf;fsq;fSf;F mtw;wpd; jiytu;fSk; khefu rigfSf;F khfhz Mizahsu;fSk; efu rigfSf;F mtw;wpd; nrayhsu;fSk; gpuNjr rigfSf;F mtw;wpd; nrayhsu;fSk; gpujk mur fUk nkhopfs; mKyhf;fy; mYtyu;fshf ,Ug;ghu;fs;. ,J jtpu mur fUknkhopfs; mKyhf;fy; mYtyu;fSk; cs;sdu;.

mur fUk nkhopfis eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; Vl;lstpy; md;wp nraystpy; Nkw;nfhs;tjw;fhf ,j;jifa eltbf;iffis vdJ mikr;R Nkw;nfhz;lJ. ,j;jifa jpl;lj;ij mKy;gLj;Jtjpy; [dhjpgjp kfpe;j uh[gf;\ KOikahd xj;Jiog;ig toq;fpdhu; vd;gijf; Fwpg;gpl;lhf Ntz;Lk;. ,e;jg; G+u;thq;f eltbf;iffs; xU epiyahd murpay; jPu;Tf;fhd NjlYf;F tha;g;gspf;ff; $ba ,irthd R+oiy cUthf;Fk; vd ehd; ek;GfpNwd;. rpq;fs> jkpo; r%fq;fSf;F ,ilNa xU ngUk; ,ilntsp ,Ug;gij Vw;Wf; nfhz;Nl MfNtz;Lk;. ,e;j ,ilntspia ehk; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; epug;g Ntz;Lk;. gu];gu mr;rk;> mtek;gpf;if> re;Njfk; xopj;Jf; fl;lg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Aj;jk; jPtpukile;jpUe;j NtisapYk; $l jkpo; NgRk; kf;fspy; 61 rjtPjkhdtu;fs; tlf;Ff;Fk; fpof;Ff;Fk; ntspNa> rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; mr;rKk; re;NjfKk; ,y;yhky; tho;e;jhu;fs; vd;w cz;ikia ehk; Fiwthf kjpg;gpl;Ltplf; $lhJ.

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